{"title":"Measurements and predictions of seedling emergence forces","authors":"Kobby Acquah, Ying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantifying seedling emergence pressure or forces (soil impedance to seedling) during the process of plant emergence is difficult in a practical setting. In this study, a mechanical seedling testing device was designed and calibrated to measure seedling emergence pressures experienced by conical or spherical mechanical seedling in soil with varying compaction levels. The data were analysed to generate regression models for predicting seedling emergence forces. Results showed a high correlation between the seedling emergence pressure and soil resistance. The resultant regression model produced a coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) of 0.99. After incorporating the morphological characteristics of soybean cotyledon and maize coleoptile into the model, the predicted seedling emergence forces increased with the soil compaction level. During the emergence process, average emergence force of the soybean seedlings was 11.8 N for the lowest compaction level and 28.5 N for the highest compaction level, and the corresponding values of the maize seedlings were 0.2 N and 0.6 N. In a non-compacted field plot, maize crop had a 95.4% emergence rate and soybean crop had 97.2%, whereas for a compacted plot, the corresponding emergence rates were decreased to 19.1% and 60.5%. Inferences made from the study provide information on the dynamics of soil-seedling interaction, which have important implications for managing soil compaction in crop production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9173,"journal":{"name":"Biosystems Engineering","volume":"247 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biosystems Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1537511024001922","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Quantifying seedling emergence pressure or forces (soil impedance to seedling) during the process of plant emergence is difficult in a practical setting. In this study, a mechanical seedling testing device was designed and calibrated to measure seedling emergence pressures experienced by conical or spherical mechanical seedling in soil with varying compaction levels. The data were analysed to generate regression models for predicting seedling emergence forces. Results showed a high correlation between the seedling emergence pressure and soil resistance. The resultant regression model produced a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.99. After incorporating the morphological characteristics of soybean cotyledon and maize coleoptile into the model, the predicted seedling emergence forces increased with the soil compaction level. During the emergence process, average emergence force of the soybean seedlings was 11.8 N for the lowest compaction level and 28.5 N for the highest compaction level, and the corresponding values of the maize seedlings were 0.2 N and 0.6 N. In a non-compacted field plot, maize crop had a 95.4% emergence rate and soybean crop had 97.2%, whereas for a compacted plot, the corresponding emergence rates were decreased to 19.1% and 60.5%. Inferences made from the study provide information on the dynamics of soil-seedling interaction, which have important implications for managing soil compaction in crop production.
期刊介绍:
Biosystems Engineering publishes research in engineering and the physical sciences that represent advances in understanding or modelling of the performance of biological systems for sustainable developments in land use and the environment, agriculture and amenity, bioproduction processes and the food chain. The subject matter of the journal reflects the wide range and interdisciplinary nature of research in engineering for biological systems.