Efficient degradation and mineralization of polyethylene terephthalate microplastics by the synergy of sulfate and hydroxyl radicals in a heterogeneous electro-Fenton-activated persulfate oxidation system.

Abstract

The presence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics (MPs) in waters has posed considerable threats to the environment and humans. In this work, a heterogeneous electro-Fenton-activated persulfate oxidation system with the FeS₂-modified carbon felt as the cathode (abbreviated as EF-SR) was proposed for the efficient degradation of PET MPs. The results showed that i) the EF-SR system removed 91.3 ± 0.9 % of 100 mg/L PET after 12 h at the expense of trace loss (< 0.07 %) of [Fe] and that ii) dissolved organics and nanoplastics were first formed and accumulated and then quickly consumed in the EF-SR system. In addition to the destruction of the surface morphology, considerable changes in the surface structure of PET were noted after EF-SR treatment. On top of the emergence of the O-H bond, the ratio of C-O/C=O to C-C increased from 0.25 to 0.35, proving the rupture of the backbone of PET and the formation of oxygen-containing groups on the PET surface. With the verified involvement and contributions of SO₄^•- and ^•OH^, three possible paths were proposed to describe the degradation of PET towards complete mineralization through chain cleavage and oxidation in the EF-SR system.