The thyroid foramen: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q2 Medicine Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-27 DOI:10.1007/s00276-024-03470-2

Narathip Srichaphan, Laphatrada Yurasakpong, Napawan Taradolpisut, Thanyaporn Senarai, Nutmethee Kruepunga, Athikhun Suwannakhan

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Abstract

Purpose: To systematically review published studies on the prevalence of the thyroid foramen (TF), perform a meta-analysis to generate pooled prevalence estimates, and identify factors associated with its presence.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Journal Storage databases. Studies reporting the prevalence of the thyroid foramen were included without language or date restrictions. Quality assessment was performed using AQUA tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed with subgroup analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed using Higgins' I² statistics, and publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's test.

Results: Out of 271 entries, 38 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 3,030 subjects from various continents. The overall TF prevalence was 24.5% (95% CI: 19.2-29.8%, I² = 93.44%), with unilateral TF present in 16.9% and bilateral TF in 6.2%. Prevalence was highest in North America (31.4%,) and lowest in Africa (12.3%). No significant prevalence difference was found between adults and younger populations (p = 0.15). Publication bias, or the small-study effect, was detected (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis reveals a 24.5% overall prevalence of TF, with significant heterogeneity primarily explained by geographical differences. The TF's clinical relevance necessitates awareness among surgeons and radiologists to avoid complications during laryngeal surgeries and prevent misdiagnosis in imaging studies.

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甲状腺孔：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

目的：系统回顾已发表的有关甲状腺孔（TF）患病率的研究，进行荟萃分析以得出集合患病率估计值，并确定与TF存在相关的因素：在 Google Scholar、PubMed 和 Journal Storage 数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。报告甲状腺孔患病率的研究不受语言和日期限制。使用 AQUA 工具进行质量评估。进行了随机效应荟萃分析和亚组分析。异质性采用希金斯I2统计量进行评估，发表偏倚采用漏斗图和Egger检验进行评估：在 271 项研究中，有 38 项研究符合纳入标准，包括来自各大洲的 3,030 名受试者。TF的总患病率为24.5%（95% CI：19.2-29.8%，I2 = 93.44%），其中单侧TF占16.9%，双侧TF占6.2%。发病率最高的是北美洲（31.4%），最低的是非洲（12.3%）。成年人和年轻人的患病率无明显差异（P = 0.15）。研究发现了发表偏差或小研究效应（p 结论：该荟萃分析揭示了一种新的癌症流行趋势：这项荟萃分析显示，TF 的总患病率为 24.5%，其显著的异质性主要是由地域差异造成的。TF的临床意义需要外科医生和放射科医生提高认识，以避免喉部手术中的并发症，并防止影像学研究中的误诊。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Medicine-Pathology and Forensic Medicine

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

14.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Anatomy is a morphological science which cannot fail to interest the clinician. The practical application of anatomical research to clinical problems necessitates special adaptation and selectivity in choosing from numerous international works. Although there is a tendency to believe that meaningful advances in anatomy are unlikely, constant revision is necessary. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, the first international journal of Clinical anatomy has been created in this spirit. Its goal is to serve clinicians, regardless of speciality-physicians, surgeons, radiologists or other specialists-as an indispensable aid with which they can improve their knowledge of anatomy. Each issue includes: Original papers, review articles, articles on the anatomical bases of medical, surgical and radiological techniques, articles of normal radiologic anatomy, brief reviews of anatomical publications of clinical interest. Particular attention is given to high quality illustrations, which are indispensable for a better understanding of anatomical problems. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy is a journal written by anatomists for clinicians with a special interest in anatomy.