Cortical high-frequency oscillations (≈ 110 Hz) in cats are state-dependent and enhanced by a subanesthetic dose of ketamine

IF 2.6 3区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Behavioural Brain Research Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115231
Santiago Castro-Zaballa , Joaquín González , Matías Cavelli , Diego Mateos , Claudia Pascovich , Adriano Tort , Mark Jeremy Hunt , Pablo Torterolo
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Abstract

Ketamine is an NMDA receptor antagonist that has antidepressant and anesthetic properties. At subanesthetic doses, ketamine induces transient psychosis in humans, and is used to model psychosis in experimental animals. In rodents, subanesthetic doses of ketamine increase the power of high-frequency oscillations (HFO, > 100 Hz) in the electroencephalogram (EEG), a frequency band linked to cognitive functions. However, to date, the effects of ketamine in carnivores and primates have been poorly investigated. Here, we examined in the cat, cortical HFO during wakefulness, sleep, and after administering a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine. Four cats were prepared with cortical electrodes for chronic polysomnographic recordings in head-restrained conditions. The cortical HFO power, connectivity, direction of the information flow using Granger Causality (GC) analysis, their relationships with respiratory activity, and the effect of auditory stimulation were analyzed. During wakefulness, but not during sleep, we found that HFO were coupled with the inspiratory phase of the respiration. After ketamine administration, HFO power was enhanced and remained associated with the inspiratory phase. GC analysis suggests that ketamine-enhanced HFO originate from the olfactory bulb (OB) and stream towards the prefrontal cortex (Pf). Accordingly, occluding the nostrils significantly reduced the power of the ketamine-enhanced HFO in both the OB and Pf. Finally, auditory stimulation did not affect HFO. In conclusion, the HFO are associated with respiration during wakefulness, but not during sleep. The enhancement of this rhythm by ketamine may disrupt cortical information processing, which could contribute to some of the neuropsychiatric effects associated with ketamine.

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猫的皮层高频振荡(≈ 110Hz)具有状态依赖性,亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮会增强这种振荡。
氯胺酮是一种 NMDA 受体拮抗剂,具有抗抑郁和麻醉特性。在亚麻醉剂量下,氯胺酮会诱发人类短暂性精神病,并被用于在实验动物中建立精神病模型。在啮齿类动物中,亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮会增加脑电图(EEG)中高频振荡(HFO,> 100Hz)的功率,这一频段与认知功能有关。然而,迄今为止,氯胺酮对食肉动物和灵长类动物的影响还鲜有研究。在这里,我们研究了猫在清醒、睡眠和注射亚麻醉剂量氯胺酮后的皮层高频脑电图。我们为四只猫准备了皮质电极,以便在头部受限的条件下进行慢性多导睡眠图记录。研究人员利用格兰杰因果关系(GC)分析法分析了大脑皮层 HFO 功率、连接性、信息流方向、它们与呼吸活动的关系以及听觉刺激的影响。我们发现,在清醒状态下,而在睡眠状态下,HFO 与呼吸的吸气阶段相关联。服用氯胺酮后,HFO的功率增强,并保持与吸气相联系。GC 分析表明,氯胺酮增强的 HFO 源自嗅球(OB)并流向前额叶皮层(Pf)。因此,闭塞鼻孔可显著降低氯胺酮增强的 HFO 在嗅球和前额叶皮层的功率。最后,听觉刺激对 HFO 没有影响。总之,HFO与清醒时的呼吸有关,但与睡眠时无关。氯胺酮增强这种节律可能会扰乱大脑皮层的信息处理,从而导致氯胺酮的一些神经精神效应。
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来源期刊
Behavioural Brain Research
Behavioural Brain Research 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
383
审稿时长
61 days
期刊介绍: Behavioural Brain Research is an international, interdisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of articles in the field of behavioural neuroscience, broadly defined. Contributions from the entire range of disciplines that comprise the neurosciences, behavioural sciences or cognitive sciences are appropriate, as long as the goal is to delineate the neural mechanisms underlying behaviour. Thus, studies may range from neurophysiological, neuroanatomical, neurochemical or neuropharmacological analysis of brain-behaviour relations, including the use of molecular genetic or behavioural genetic approaches, to studies that involve the use of brain imaging techniques, to neuroethological studies. Reports of original research, of major methodological advances, or of novel conceptual approaches are all encouraged. The journal will also consider critical reviews on selected topics.
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