Patient and implant-related risk factors for implant failure of one-stage lateral sinus floor elevation: A 2- to 10-year retrospective study.

Mengdie Fu, Yuer Ye, Rui Pu, Danji Zhu, Guoli Yang, Zhiwei Jiang
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Abstract

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the early and late implant failure rates of one-stage lateral sinus floor elevation (LSFE) and to identify the patient and implant-related risk factors associated with these failures.

Materials and methods: All patients treated with one-stage LSFE from January 2014 to December 2021 were evaluated for inclusion. A total of 618 patients with 936 implants met the inclusion criteria. Clinical and radiographic information about patient and implants was collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards frailty regression models were performed to identify risk factors for early and late implant failure.

Results: The cumulative implant survival rate was 95.62% (95% CI 93.90%-97.68%), with 16 early implant failures and 25 late implant failures. The Cox analysis indicated that ≤3 mm residual bone height (RBH) was associated with a higher early failure rate. For late implant failure, smoking habit, ≤3 mm RBH, and certain implant brand were independent risk factors. Narrow sinus ostium, long infundibulum, and flat thickening of Schneiderian membrane might be non-independent risk factors for late implant failure. No significance was found in other variables, including age, periodontitis history, implant characteristics (position, diameter, length, protrusion length, marginal bone loss), surgeon experience, healing time, opposing dentition, and prosthesis.

Conclusions: One-stage LSFE is a predictable treatment for patients with atrophic maxilla. ≤3 mm RBH increased the risk of early implant failure, while smoking habit, ≤3 mm RBH, and certain implant brand were independent risk factors for late implant failure.

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一期侧鼻窦底提升术种植失败的患者和种植体相关风险因素:一项为期 2 至 10 年的回顾性研究。
研究目的这项回顾性研究旨在评估一段式侧窦底提升术(LSFE)的早期和晚期种植失败率,并确定与这些失败相关的患者和种植体相关风险因素:评估纳入了2014年1月至2021年12月期间所有接受一段式LSFE治疗的患者。共有 618 名患者和 936 个种植体符合纳入标准。收集了患者和种植体的临床和影像学信息。建立了单变量和多变量考克斯比例危险虚弱回归模型,以确定早期和晚期植入失败的风险因素:结果:累计植入物存活率为 95.62%(95% CI 93.90%-97.68%),其中早期植入物失败 16 例,晚期植入物失败 25 例。Cox分析表明,残余骨高度(RBH)≤3毫米与较高的早期失败率有关。对于晚期种植失败,吸烟习惯、残余骨高度≤3毫米和某些种植体品牌是独立的风险因素。窦口窄、基底长和施奈德膜扁平增厚可能是种植体晚期失败的非独立风险因素。其他变量,包括年龄、牙周炎病史、种植体特征(位置、直径、长度、前突长度、边缘骨缺失)、外科医生经验、愈合时间、对生牙和修复体,均未发现显著性:RBH≤3毫米会增加种植体早期失败的风险,而吸烟习惯、RBH≤3毫米和某些种植体品牌是种植体晚期失败的独立风险因素。
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