Fact-checker warning labels are effective even for those who distrust fact-checkers

IF 21.4 1区 心理学 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Nature Human Behaviour Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1038/s41562-024-01973-x
Cameron Martel, David G. Rand
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Abstract

Warning labels from professional fact-checkers are one of the most widely used interventions against online misinformation. But are fact-checker warning labels effective for those who distrust fact-checkers? Here, in a first correlational study (N = 1,000), we validate a measure of trust in fact-checkers. Next, we conduct meta-analyses across 21 experiments (total N = 14,133) in which participants evaluated true and false news posts and were randomized to either see no warning labels or to see warning labels on a high proportion of the false posts. Warning labels were on average effective at reducing belief in (27.6% reduction), and sharing of (24.7% reduction), false headlines. While warning effects were smaller for participants with less trust in fact-checkers, warning labels nonetheless significantly reduced belief in (12.9% reduction), and sharing of (16.7% reduction), false news even for those most distrusting of fact-checkers. These results suggest that fact-checker warning labels are a broadly effective tool for combatting misinformation. Do fact-checker warning labels work for those who distrust fact-checkers? Martel and Rand analyse 21 experiments and find that warning labels reduce belief in, and sharing of, false posts both on average and for those highly distrusting of fact-checkers.

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即使对那些不信任事实核查员的人来说,事实核查员警示标签也是有效的
来自专业事实核查机构的警告标签是针对网络错误信息最广泛使用的干预措施之一。但是,对于那些不信任事实核查人员的人来说,事实核查人员的警告标签是否有效呢?在此,我们在第一项相关研究(N = 1,000)中验证了对事实核查者信任度的衡量标准。接下来,我们对 21 项实验(总人数 = 14,133 人)进行了元分析,在这些实验中,参与者对真实和虚假新闻帖子进行评估,并随机选择不看警示标签或在高比例的虚假帖子上看警示标签。警告标签平均有效地减少了对虚假标题的相信(减少了 27.6%)和分享(减少了 24.7%)。虽然对事实核查人员信任度较低的参与者的警告效果较小,但即使是对事实核查人员最不信任的人,警告标签也能显著减少对虚假新闻的相信(减少 12.9%)和分享(减少 16.7%)。这些结果表明,事实核查员警示标签是一种广泛有效的打击错误信息的工具。
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来源期刊
Nature Human Behaviour
Nature Human Behaviour Psychology-Social Psychology
CiteScore
36.80
自引率
1.00%
发文量
227
期刊介绍: Nature Human Behaviour is a journal that focuses on publishing research of outstanding significance into any aspect of human behavior.The research can cover various areas such as psychological, biological, and social bases of human behavior.It also includes the study of origins, development, and disorders related to human behavior.The primary aim of the journal is to increase the visibility of research in the field and enhance its societal reach and impact.
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