Evaluation of impacts of biosolids application and drainage water management on soil N2O and CH4 emissions using the flux gradient method

IF 6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2024.109273
Qiurui Zhu , Eric A. Davidson , Jacob G. Hagedorn , Mark S. Castro , Thomas R. Fisher , Rebecca J. Fox , Shannon E. Brown , James W. Lewis
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Abstract

Existing studies have shown contradictory findings with respect to whether biosolids applications on agricultural lands lead to intensification of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Here, we describe the results of deployment of the micrometeorological flux gradient method to quantify post-biosolid soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) on a farm with drainage water management (DWM) on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. The fluxes following biosolid additions to cornfields in 2020 were compared with fluxes from the same farm in 2018, when no fertilizer was applied to soybeans, and in 2019, when urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) was applied to corn. Extractable soil nitrate was highest following biosolids application, contributing to the highest N2O emissions in the growing season of 2020 compared to 2018 (no fertilizer) and 2019 (UAN). Other contributing factors include the low C:N ratio of the biosolids and the above average precipitation in 2020. In contrast, different fertilization regimes did not generate distinct differences for CH4 fluxes, which were very low in all three years. No statistically significant treatment effect of DWM was found for either N2O or CH4 during the peak emission period after biosolids application, which aligns with the result of our earlier research. Annualized estimated N2O emission factors (EFs) for biosolids addition were 5–6 % in the DWM and 3–4 % in the non-DWM fields, although this includes uncertainties associated with gap filling. These biosolids EFs are 2–3 times the N2O EF for synthetic fertilizer application at this same farm in 2019 (1–2.5 %) and 2–4 times the IPCC Tier 1 EF (1.6 %) for synthetic fertilizer, demonstrating the intensification effect of biosolids addition on soil N2O emissions for the cropland studied here.

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利用通量梯度法评估生物固体施用和排水管理对土壤一氧化二氮和甲烷排放的影响
关于在农田中施用生物固体是否会导致土壤温室气体(GHG)排放增加,现有的研究结果相互矛盾。在此,我们介绍了采用微气象通量梯度法量化马里兰州东岸一个采用排水管理(DWM)的农场生物固体施用后土壤中氧化亚氮(N2O)和甲烷(CH4)排放量的结果。将 2020 年玉米田添加生物固体后的通量与 2018 年同一农场的通量进行了比较,2018 年大豆未施肥,2019 年玉米施用了尿素硝酸铵 (UAN)。施用生物固体后,可提取的土壤硝酸盐最高,导致 2020 年生长季节的一氧化二氮排放量比 2018 年(不施肥)和 2019 年(施用尿素硝酸铵)最高。其他促成因素包括生物固体的低碳氮比和 2020 年高于平均水平的降水量。相比之下,不同的施肥制度并没有对 CH4 通量产生明显的差异,这三年的通量都很低。在施用生物固体后的排放高峰期,DWM 对 N2O 或 CH4 的处理效果均无统计学意义,这与我们之前的研究结果一致。添加生物固体的 N2O 年估计排放系数 (EF) 在 DWM 和非 DWM 田间分别为 5-6% 和 3-4%,尽管这包括了与填隙相关的不确定性。这些生物固体排放系数是 2019 年该农场施用合成肥料的 N2O 排放系数(1-2.5%)的 2-3 倍,是 IPCC 第 1 级合成肥料排放系数(1.6%)的 2-4 倍,这表明生物固体的添加对本文研究的耕地的土壤 N2O 排放具有强化作用。
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来源期刊
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
9.10%
发文量
392
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.
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