{"title":"The effect of carbon quota allocation methods on maritime supply chain emission reduction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tranpol.2024.08.011","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In September 2020, the European Parliament decided to include the CO2 emitted on the all intra-European and 50% of extra-European voyages in the European Union Emission Trading System (EU-ETS) starting from 2022, in order to reduce the CO2 emission. With the implementation of EU-ETS, the maritime supply chain will inevitably be significantly affected. Different carbon quota allocations in ETS have different impact on the CO2 emission reduction, which motivates us to investigate the effect of different carbon quota allocations on maritime CO2 emission reduction. Therefore, this paper considers two carbon quota allocations: the historical total quantity method and the historical intensity method, and develops a game model for each method. Then, the equilibrium solutions of each game model are analyzed. With the help of the system dynamics and the software Vensim, numerical experiments are conducted to verify the properties obtained in the analysis of the equilibrium solutions. The experimental results indicate that 1) Green technology (GT) can effectively reduce carbon emissions. Based on long-term simulation results, the GT investments will be gradually offset by profiting from carbon quota trading. 2) Profits may vary with price, but the Historical Intensity method consistently achieves better carbon reduction effects or relatively higher profits. 3) The marginal profits of companies with similar historical intensity baselines are almost the same. This gives an advantage to companies who implement green technologies earlier, as they can quickly gain returns from GT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48378,"journal":{"name":"Transport Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transport Policy","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X24002403","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In September 2020, the European Parliament decided to include the CO2 emitted on the all intra-European and 50% of extra-European voyages in the European Union Emission Trading System (EU-ETS) starting from 2022, in order to reduce the CO2 emission. With the implementation of EU-ETS, the maritime supply chain will inevitably be significantly affected. Different carbon quota allocations in ETS have different impact on the CO2 emission reduction, which motivates us to investigate the effect of different carbon quota allocations on maritime CO2 emission reduction. Therefore, this paper considers two carbon quota allocations: the historical total quantity method and the historical intensity method, and develops a game model for each method. Then, the equilibrium solutions of each game model are analyzed. With the help of the system dynamics and the software Vensim, numerical experiments are conducted to verify the properties obtained in the analysis of the equilibrium solutions. The experimental results indicate that 1) Green technology (GT) can effectively reduce carbon emissions. Based on long-term simulation results, the GT investments will be gradually offset by profiting from carbon quota trading. 2) Profits may vary with price, but the Historical Intensity method consistently achieves better carbon reduction effects or relatively higher profits. 3) The marginal profits of companies with similar historical intensity baselines are almost the same. This gives an advantage to companies who implement green technologies earlier, as they can quickly gain returns from GT.
期刊介绍:
Transport Policy is an international journal aimed at bridging the gap between theory and practice in transport. Its subject areas reflect the concerns of policymakers in government, industry, voluntary organisations and the public at large, providing independent, original and rigorous analysis to understand how policy decisions have been taken, monitor their effects, and suggest how they may be improved. The journal treats the transport sector comprehensively, and in the context of other sectors including energy, housing, industry and planning. All modes are covered: land, sea and air; road and rail; public and private; motorised and non-motorised; passenger and freight.