Compressor-Driven Titanium and Magnesium Hydride Systems for Thermal Energy Storage: Thermodynamic Assessment

Energy Storage Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1002/est2.70028
Uday Raj Singh, Satya Sekhar Bhogilla, Wang Jiawei, Hosokai Sou, Saita Itoko
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Abstract

Metal hydrides enable excellent thermal energy storage due to their high energy density, extended storage capability, and cost-effective operation. A metal hydride-driven storage system couples two reactors that assist in thermochemical storage using cyclic operation. Metal hydride reactors, operating at both low and high temperatures, serve for the storage of hydrogen and thermal energy, respectively. The integration of efficient thermal energy storage technology is known to enhance the efficiency of solar thermal systems. In this regard, during the peak hours of solar energy, the high-temperature supply heat can be utilized to store hydrogen gas in the low-temperature reactor, which simultaneously facilitates energy storage in the high-temperature reactor. Moreover, the temperature and energy released from the reactors are highly dependent on the pressure of the gas. As a result, installing a compressor between the low and high-temperature metal hydride reactors can help generate additional outputs, such as a cooling effect. This paper conducts a thermodynamic analysis to assess the system's performance, considering parameters such as thermal storage efficiency, coefficient of performance (COP), and COPCCH (combined cooling and heating based COP). Moreover, the performance analysis was carried out for two cases, that is, high-temperature titanium hydride (TiH2) and magnesium hydride (MgH2). The results show that MgH2 and TiH2 achieve a maximum COPCCH of 1.08 and 0.9, respectively, and system storage efficiency of 76.15% and 74.34%, respectively. In spite of having lower efficiency than MgH2, the TiH2-based system has the ability to recover heat at a very high temperature.

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用于热能存储的压缩机驱动钛和氢化镁系统:热力学评估
金属氢化物具有能量密度高、存储能力强、运行成本低等优点,因此能够实现出色的热能存储。金属氢化物驱动的储能系统将两个反应器结合在一起,利用循环操作协助热化学储能。金属氢化物反应器在低温和高温下运行,分别用于储存氢气和热能。众所周知,集成高效热能储存技术可提高太阳能热系统的效率。在这方面,在太阳能高峰时段,可利用高温供热将氢气储存在低温反应器中,这同时有利于高温反应器的能量储存。此外,反应器释放的温度和能量在很大程度上取决于气体的压力。因此,在低温和高温金属氢化物反应器之间安装压缩机有助于产生额外的输出,例如冷却效果。本文进行了热力学分析,以评估系统的性能,并考虑了热存储效率、性能系数 (COP) 和 COPCCH(基于冷却和加热的综合 COP)等参数。此外,还对两种情况进行了性能分析,即高温氢化钛(TiH2)和氢化镁(MgH2)。结果表明,MgH2 和 TiH2 的最大 COPCCH 分别为 1.08 和 0.9,系统存储效率分别为 76.15% 和 74.34%。尽管效率低于 MgH2,但基于 TiH2 的系统具有在极高温度下回收热量的能力。
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