Inflamm-ageing: How cytokines and nutrition shape the trajectory of ageing.

IF 9.3 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.08.004
Francesca Coperchini, Alessia Greco, Marsida Teliti, Laura Croce, Spyridon Chytiris, Flavia Magri, Carlo Gaetano, Mario Rotondi
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Abstract

Population ageing is increasing in prevalence in most developed countries. Ageing is the decline of functional properties at the cellular, tissue, and organ level. Biochemical changes that occur in all organisms that experience biological ageing are referred to as the "Hallmarks of ageing". Inflammation is a common denominator of the hallmarks of ageing, being mechanistically involved in most age-related health consequences. Inflamm-ageing refers to age-related changes in the inflammatory and immune systems which somehow drive the ageing process towards healthy or unhealthy ageing. Current evidences, support that, reversing the age-related pro-inflammatory status of inflamm-ageing, is able to modulate most hallmarks of ageing. Inflamm-ageing is associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory molecules (e.g. cytokines, chemokines), ultimately producing a chronic low-grade inflammatory state typically observed in older individuals. It is commonly accepted that, the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines is one of the factors determining whether healthy or unhealthy ageing occurs. Malnutrition and nutritional imbalances, are highly prevalent in the elderly, playing a role in driving the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory immunoactive molecules. In particular, malnutrition is a major risk factor for sarcopenia, a phenomenon characterized by loss of muscle mass, which is often referred to as the biological basis for frailty. Given the close relationship between malnutrition and sarcopenia, there is also evidence for a link between malnutrition and frailty. Indeed, changes in cytokine/chemokine levels in elderly patients with malnutrition were demonstrated. The demonstration that specific cytokines play a role in modulating appetite and nutrient sensing and taste reception, provided further evidence for the existence of a link between inflamm-ageing, nutrition and cytokines in shaping the trajectory of ageing. The present review will overview current evidence supporting the role of specific circulating cytokines and chemokines in the relationship between ageing, inflammation, and malnutrition.

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炎症-衰老:细胞因子和营养如何塑造衰老轨迹。
在大多数发达国家,人口老龄化日益普遍。老化是指细胞、组织和器官层面功能特性的衰退。所有经历生物老化的生物体内发生的生化变化被称为 "老化标志"。炎症是老化标志的共同点,从机理上参与了大多数与年龄有关的健康后果。炎症老化是指炎症和免疫系统中与年龄有关的变化,这些变化在某种程度上推动老化过程向健康或不健康的老化方向发展。目前的证据表明,逆转与年龄相关的炎症老化的促炎症状态,能够调节大多数老化特征。炎症老化与促炎症分子(如细胞因子、趋化因子)水平的升高有关,最终会产生老年人常见的慢性低水平炎症状态。人们普遍认为,促炎细胞因子/趋化因子与抗炎细胞因子之间的平衡是决定健康老龄化还是不健康老龄化的因素之一。营养不良和营养失衡在老年人中非常普遍,对促炎症和抗炎症免疫活性分子的平衡起着推动作用。营养不良尤其是导致肌肉疏松症的主要风险因素,肌肉疏松症是一种以肌肉量减少为特征的现象,通常被称为虚弱的生物学基础。鉴于营养不良与肌肉疏松症之间的密切关系,也有证据表明营养不良与体弱之间存在联系。事实上,营养不良的老年患者体内细胞因子/趋化因子水平的变化已得到证实。特定细胞因子在调节食欲、营养感应和味觉接收方面发挥作用的研究结果,进一步证明了炎症-衰老、营养和细胞因子在塑造衰老轨迹方面存在联系。本综述将概述支持特定循环细胞因子和趋化因子在老化、炎症和营养不良之间的关系中发挥作用的现有证据。
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来源期刊
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
21.10
自引率
1.50%
发文量
61
审稿时长
22 days
期刊介绍: Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews is a leading publication that focuses on the dynamic fields of growth factor and cytokine research. Our journal offers a platform for authors to disseminate thought-provoking articles such as critical reviews, state-of-the-art reviews, letters to the editor, and meeting reviews. We aim to cover important breakthroughs in these rapidly evolving areas, providing valuable insights into the multidisciplinary significance of cytokines and growth factors. Our journal spans various domains including signal transduction, cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development, immunology, tumorigenesis, and clinical medicine. By publishing cutting-edge research and analysis, we aim to influence the way researchers and experts perceive and understand growth factors and cytokines. We encourage novel expressions of ideas and innovative approaches to organizing content, fostering a stimulating environment for knowledge exchange and scientific advancement.
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