{"title":"The development of silk glands and transcriptome aberration induced by cyantraniliprole in Bombyx mori","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106111","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Bombyx mori</em> is an insect species of great economic importance, and its silk gland is a vital organ for the synthesis and secretion of silk protein. However, long-term artificial domestication of <em>B. mori</em> has resulted in high sensitivity to chemical toxins, especially insecticides. Cyantraniliprole (Cya), a second-generation ryanodine receptor modulator insecticide, is widely utilized in agriculture for pest control. In this study, the impact of Cya toxicity on the development of silk glands in the 5th instar larvae of <em>B. mori</em> was assessed using Cya LC<sub>5</sub>, LC<sub>10</sub> and LC<sub>20</sub>, as well as a starvation treatment group for comparison. Short-term exposure (24 h) to different concentrations of Cya resulted in delayed development of silk glands in <em>B. mori</em>. Meanwhile, the body weight, silk gland weight, silk gland index and cocoon quality were significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner, except for the Cya LC<sub>5</sub> treatment. Histopathological and ultrastructural analysis revealed that Cya LC<sub>10</sub> induced disruption of the nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum in the posterior silk gland (PSG) cells, leading to the formation of intracellular vacuoles. Transcriptome sequencing of PSGs identified 2152 genes that were differentially expressed after exposure to Cya LC<sub>10</sub>, with 1153 down-regulated genes and 999 up-regulated genes. All differentially expressed genes were subjected to functional annotation using gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database, and it was found that protein synthesis-related pathways were significantly enriched, with the majority of genes being down-regulated. Furthermore, the transcription levels of genes involved in “protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum”, “protein export”, “proteasome” and “DNA replication” were quantified using qRT-PCR. Our findings suggested that short-term exposure to Cya LC<sub>10</sub> resulted in disruption of DNA replication, as well as protein transport, processing and hydrolysis in the PSG cells of <em>B. mori</em>. The results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for the safe utilization of Cya in sericulture production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048357524003444","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Bombyx mori is an insect species of great economic importance, and its silk gland is a vital organ for the synthesis and secretion of silk protein. However, long-term artificial domestication of B. mori has resulted in high sensitivity to chemical toxins, especially insecticides. Cyantraniliprole (Cya), a second-generation ryanodine receptor modulator insecticide, is widely utilized in agriculture for pest control. In this study, the impact of Cya toxicity on the development of silk glands in the 5th instar larvae of B. mori was assessed using Cya LC5, LC10 and LC20, as well as a starvation treatment group for comparison. Short-term exposure (24 h) to different concentrations of Cya resulted in delayed development of silk glands in B. mori. Meanwhile, the body weight, silk gland weight, silk gland index and cocoon quality were significantly reduced in a concentration-dependent manner, except for the Cya LC5 treatment. Histopathological and ultrastructural analysis revealed that Cya LC10 induced disruption of the nuclear membrane and endoplasmic reticulum in the posterior silk gland (PSG) cells, leading to the formation of intracellular vacuoles. Transcriptome sequencing of PSGs identified 2152 genes that were differentially expressed after exposure to Cya LC10, with 1153 down-regulated genes and 999 up-regulated genes. All differentially expressed genes were subjected to functional annotation using gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes database, and it was found that protein synthesis-related pathways were significantly enriched, with the majority of genes being down-regulated. Furthermore, the transcription levels of genes involved in “protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum”, “protein export”, “proteasome” and “DNA replication” were quantified using qRT-PCR. Our findings suggested that short-term exposure to Cya LC10 resulted in disruption of DNA replication, as well as protein transport, processing and hydrolysis in the PSG cells of B. mori. The results of this study provide a theoretical foundation for the safe utilization of Cya in sericulture production.
期刊介绍:
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology publishes original scientific articles pertaining to the mode of action of plant protection agents such as insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, and similar compounds, including nonlethal pest control agents, biosynthesis of pheromones, hormones, and plant resistance agents. Manuscripts may include a biochemical, physiological, or molecular study for an understanding of comparative toxicology or selective toxicity of both target and nontarget organisms. Particular interest will be given to studies on the molecular biology of pest control, toxicology, and pesticide resistance.
Research Areas Emphasized Include the Biochemistry and Physiology of:
• Comparative toxicity
• Mode of action
• Pathophysiology
• Plant growth regulators
• Resistance
• Other effects of pesticides on both parasites and hosts.