Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106360
Jingliang Shi , Xiaolong Wang , Yi Luo
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Honey bees prefer moderate sublethal concentrations of acetamiprid and experience increased mortality” [Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 208 (2025) 106320].","authors":"Jingliang Shi , Xiaolong Wang , Yi Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tolfenpyrad is broadly used in the agricultural industry; however, the environmental fate of tolfenpyrad in crops has not been clearly demonstrated. In this work, the translocation and distribution of tolfenpyrad were investigated in endive under soil-cultivated and hydroponic conditions. Endive roots can easily absorb and accumulate tolfenpyrad from cultivation media due to the high bioconcentration factors (> > 1). Except for the easy downward translocation in hydroponic endive (translocation factors (TFs) close to 1), the upward and downward translocation was limited (TF < 1). Moreover, three metabolites were identified. Tolfenpyrad dissipated quickly in hydroponic endive (half-lives of 5.2–6.9 d) and the health risk is acceptable (risk quotient <100 %). These findings may be attributed to the hydrophobicity of tolfenpyrad, as well as specific morphological and growth rate properties of endive under different cultivation conditions. The results provide information for the proper application of tolfenpyrad and risk prevention in crops for consumers.
{"title":"Translocation, distribution, and metabolism of tolfenpyrad in soil-cultivated and hydroponic endive (Cichorium endivia) and the assessment of potential health risk","authors":"Fanxia Liao , Huijun Zhu , Shaotao Wu , Wenhao Xiong , Aihui Zhang , Jing Shi , Kankan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tolfenpyrad is broadly used in the agricultural industry; however, the environmental fate of tolfenpyrad in crops has not been clearly demonstrated. In this work, the translocation and distribution of tolfenpyrad were investigated in endive under soil-cultivated and hydroponic conditions. Endive roots can easily absorb and accumulate tolfenpyrad from cultivation media due to the high bioconcentration factors (> > 1). Except for the easy downward translocation in hydroponic endive (translocation factors (TFs) close to 1), the upward and downward translocation was limited (TF < 1). Moreover, three metabolites were identified. Tolfenpyrad dissipated quickly in hydroponic endive (half-lives of 5.2–6.9 d) and the health risk is acceptable (risk quotient <100 %). These findings may be attributed to the hydrophobicity of tolfenpyrad, as well as specific morphological and growth rate properties of endive under different cultivation conditions. The results provide information for the proper application of tolfenpyrad and risk prevention in crops for consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106370"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106365
Hongfang Guo , Weimin Liu , Xiaoming Zhao , Yiyan Zhao , Xiaojian Liu , Bernard Moussian , Zhangwu Zhao , Jianzhen Zhang
Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) prevent massive water loss and are therefore essential for insect survival in scorching and dry environments. Locusta migratoria, a widespread agricultural pest, is exposed to elevated temperatures in its natural habitat. To understand the molecular mechanisms in L. migratoria against desiccation, we identified and characterized a fatty acyl-CoA reductase gene (LmFAR). LmFAR was highly expressed in the integument and fat body. Moreover, we found that LmFAR protein was localized in oenocytes. After suppressing LmFAR, over 90 % locusts died with a reduction of body water content. The procuticle structure of dsLmFAR treated insects was loose and cuticle barrier was disrupted, suggesting that FAR products are important to incorporate into the chitin matrix. dsLmFAR treated locusts showed increased sensitivity to desiccation conditions, xenobiotics and insecticides penetration was facilitated. CHC quantification by GC–MS analysis and in situ lipid detection by Bodipy both indicated that knockdown of LmFAR resulted in a decrease in total cuticle lipid amounts. In conclusion, LmFAR contributes to normal CHC amounts and cuticle integrity in locusts, thereby contributing to their adaptation to water variation.
{"title":"Silencing fatty acyl-CoA reductase with dsRNA damaged the lipid-based cuticle barrier in Locusta migratoria","authors":"Hongfang Guo , Weimin Liu , Xiaoming Zhao , Yiyan Zhao , Xiaojian Liu , Bernard Moussian , Zhangwu Zhao , Jianzhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) prevent massive water loss and are therefore essential for insect survival in scorching and dry environments. <em>Locusta migratoria</em>, a widespread agricultural pest, is exposed to elevated temperatures in its natural habitat. To understand the molecular mechanisms in L. <em>migratoria</em> against desiccation, we identified and characterized a <em>fatty acyl-CoA reductase</em> gene (<em>LmFAR</em>). <em>LmFAR</em> was highly expressed in the integument and fat body. Moreover, we found that LmFAR protein was localized in oenocytes. After suppressing <em>LmFAR</em>, over 90 % locusts died with a reduction of body water content. The procuticle structure of ds<em>LmFAR</em> treated insects was loose and cuticle barrier was disrupted, suggesting that FAR products are important to incorporate into the chitin matrix. ds<em>LmFAR</em> treated locusts showed increased sensitivity to desiccation conditions, xenobiotics and insecticides penetration was facilitated. CHC quantification by GC–MS analysis and <em>in situ</em> lipid detection by Bodipy both indicated that knockdown of <em>LmFAR</em> resulted in a decrease in total cuticle lipid amounts. In conclusion, <em>LmFAR</em> contributes to normal CHC amounts and cuticle integrity in locusts, thereby contributing to their adaptation to water variation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106369
Yao Shi , Hengji Wang , Mengyu Wang, Zi Tang, Qingqi Meng, Ziquan Liu, Xiaolan Liao, Li Shi
Carboxylesterases (CarEs) play a critical role in metabolic resistance to insecticides of insects. But fewer CarEs were associated with insecticide bioactivation in insects. Previous findings showed that four CarE genes were downregulated in the indoxacarb resistant populations of Spodoptera litura. In this study, qPCR verification showed that the expression of SlituCOE067 was downregulated in the resistant strains and gradually decreased after exposure to indoxacarb. Silencing of SlituCOE067 increased the cells viability of S. litura against indoxacarb, and further knockdown of SlituCOE067 reduced the sensitivity of larvae to indoxacarb. Overexpression of SlituCOE067 in transgenic fruit flies decreased the tolerance to indoxacarb. Molecular modeling and insecticide docking predicted that SlituCOE067 protein can bind tightly to indoxacarb instead of its activated product N-decarbomethoxylated metabolite (DCJW). Heterologous expression and metabolism experiment proved that recombinant SlituCOE067 can promote the activation of indoxacarb into DCJW, but cannot metabolize DCJW. These results comprehensively demonstrate that downregulation of SlituCOE067 can reduce the activation metabolism of indoxacarb and mediate the resistance of S. litura to indoxacarb. This study reveals a new mechanism of insecticide resistance caused by blocking the activation of insecticides in lepidoptera insects.
{"title":"Downregulation of carboxylesterase gene mediates resistance to indoxacarb in Spodoptera litura","authors":"Yao Shi , Hengji Wang , Mengyu Wang, Zi Tang, Qingqi Meng, Ziquan Liu, Xiaolan Liao, Li Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carboxylesterases (CarEs) play a critical role in metabolic resistance to insecticides of insects. But fewer CarEs were associated with insecticide bioactivation in insects. Previous findings showed that four CarE genes were downregulated in the indoxacarb resistant populations of <em>Spodoptera litura.</em> In this study, qPCR verification showed that the expression of <em>SlituCOE067</em> was downregulated in the resistant strains and gradually decreased after exposure to indoxacarb. Silencing of <em>SlituCOE067</em> increased the cells viability of <em>S. litura</em> against indoxacarb, and further knockdown of <em>SlituCOE067</em> reduced the sensitivity of larvae to indoxacarb. Overexpression of <em>SlituCOE067</em> in transgenic fruit flies decreased the tolerance to indoxacarb. Molecular modeling and insecticide docking predicted that SlituCOE067 protein can bind tightly to indoxacarb instead of its activated product N-decarbomethoxylated metabolite (DCJW). Heterologous expression and metabolism experiment proved that recombinant SlituCOE067 can promote the activation of indoxacarb into DCJW, but cannot metabolize DCJW. These results comprehensively demonstrate that downregulation of <em>SlituCOE067</em> can reduce the activation metabolism of indoxacarb and mediate the resistance of <em>S. litura</em> to indoxacarb. This study reveals a new mechanism of insecticide resistance caused by blocking the activation of insecticides in lepidoptera insects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-02DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106357
Jin-Jia Yu , Shao-Hung Lee , Chow-Yang Lee , Changlu Wang
Pyrethroids and neonicotinoids are commonly used to manage the common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) infestations. However, the effectiveness of these insecticides is often challenged due to insecticide resistance. We investigated the mechanisms of deltamethrin and imidacloprid resistance in eight C. lectularius strains collected from New Jersey, U.S. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), and diethyl maleate (DEM) were topically applied on bed bugs before deltamethrin or imidacloprid treatments (deltamethrin: 115 ng per adult; imidacloprid: 67 ng per adult). The results showed that PBO and DEF had a greater synergistic effect with deltamethrin treatments than DEM based on the significantly increased 72 h mortality of Aberdeen, Bayonne 2015, Cotton, Irvington, and Irvington 624-5G strains. With imidacloprid alone, seven out of eight strains experienced 100 % mortality except for the Linden 2019 strain. The Linden 2019 strain had mean mortalities of 93, 97, and 47 % from imidacloprid after receiving PBO, DEF, and DEM, respectively. The activities of glutathione S-transferase and general esterase in all strains were enhanced compared to a susceptible strain. Molecular detection of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) mutations revealed homozygous V419L and L925I resistance mutations in all strains at 20–100 % and 30–100 % frequency, respectively. The presence of both V419L and L925I was found in 20–100 % of the individuals from each resistant strain. The results indicate a combination of metabolic and target site insensitivity mechanisms confers resistance to deltamethrin and imidacloprid in C. lectularius.
{"title":"Multiple mechanisms associated with deltamethrin and imidacloprid resistance in field-collected common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L.","authors":"Jin-Jia Yu , Shao-Hung Lee , Chow-Yang Lee , Changlu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrethroids and neonicotinoids are commonly used to manage the common bed bug (<em>Cimex lectularius</em> L.) infestations. However, the effectiveness of these insecticides is often challenged due to insecticide resistance. We investigated the mechanisms of deltamethrin and imidacloprid resistance in eight <em>C. lectularius</em> strains collected from New Jersey, U.S. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), and diethyl maleate (DEM) were topically applied on bed bugs before deltamethrin or imidacloprid treatments (deltamethrin: 115 ng per adult; imidacloprid: 67 ng per adult). The results showed that PBO and DEF had a greater synergistic effect with deltamethrin treatments than DEM based on the significantly increased 72 h mortality of Aberdeen, Bayonne 2015, Cotton, Irvington, and Irvington 624-5G strains. With imidacloprid alone, seven out of eight strains experienced 100 % mortality except for the Linden 2019 strain. The Linden 2019 strain had mean mortalities of 93, 97, and 47 % from imidacloprid after receiving PBO, DEF, and DEM, respectively. The activities of glutathione S-transferase and general esterase in all strains were enhanced compared to a susceptible strain. Molecular detection of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) mutations revealed homozygous V419L and L925I resistance mutations in all strains at 20–100 % and 30–100 % frequency, respectively. The presence of both V419L and L925I was found in 20–100 % of the individuals from each resistant strain. The results indicate a combination of metabolic and target site insensitivity mechanisms confers resistance to deltamethrin and imidacloprid in <em>C. lectularius</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 106357"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the acute and chronic toxicity, immunological responses, oxidative stress, and histopathological effects of acetamiprid (ACE) on the freshwater mussel Unio terminalis. Laboratory experiments determined the 96-h LC50 value, classifying ACE as moderately toxic to this species. Chronic toxicity tests were conducted using two controls [freshwater and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)] and two ACE concentrations (3.52 mg/L and 6.70 mg/L), with exposure durations of 48 h, 7 days, and 21 days under semi-static conditions. Sublethal effects were assessed by analyzing total hemocyte count (THC), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidative stress (TOS) in hemolymph samples. ACE exposure significantly reduced THC, indicating immunosuppression that could impair physiological functions and immune defense. TAS values remained stable, suggesting robust antioxidant regulation, while prolonged exposure led to elevated TOS levels, indicating oxidative stress and potential cellular damage. Histopathological changes observed included lipofuscin accumulation, hemocytic infiltration, gill tissue degeneration, and tubular degeneration in digestive glands. These results highlight the vulnerability of U. terminalis to ACE exposure and its usefulness as a bioindicator species of aquatic ecosystem health. The study underscores the need for stricter pesticide regulation and further research into chronic exposure and combined chemical effects to protect aquatic biodiversity.
{"title":"How acetamiprid induced toxicity on freshwater mussel: Biomarker and histopathological responses?","authors":"Donald Romaric Yehouenou Tessi , Pınar Arslan Yüce , Göktuğ Gül , Aylin Sepici Dinçel , Aysel Çağlan Günal","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the acute and chronic toxicity, immunological responses, oxidative stress, and histopathological effects of acetamiprid (ACE) on the freshwater mussel <em>Unio terminalis</em>. Laboratory experiments determined the 96-h LC<sub>50</sub> value, classifying ACE as moderately toxic to this species. Chronic toxicity tests were conducted using two controls [freshwater and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)] and two ACE concentrations (3.52 mg/L and 6.70 mg/L), with exposure durations of 48 h, 7 days, and 21 days under semi-static conditions. Sublethal effects were assessed by analyzing total hemocyte count (THC), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidative stress (TOS) in hemolymph samples. ACE exposure significantly reduced THC, indicating immunosuppression that could impair physiological functions and immune defense. TAS values remained stable, suggesting robust antioxidant regulation, while prolonged exposure led to elevated TOS levels, indicating oxidative stress and potential cellular damage. Histopathological changes observed included lipofuscin accumulation, hemocytic infiltration, gill tissue degeneration, and tubular degeneration in digestive glands. These results highlight the vulnerability of <em>U. terminalis</em> to ACE exposure and its usefulness as a bioindicator species of aquatic ecosystem health. The study underscores the need for stricter pesticide regulation and further research into chronic exposure and combined chemical effects to protect aquatic biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106362"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The red imported fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta Buren, poses threats to biodiversity, public safety, agriculture, and the economy, especially as global trade expands its reach into China. To address this, researchers screened fungal isolates from soil in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, aiming to develop a biopesticide against RIFA. Metarhizium anisopliae, known for its biocontrol potential, was identified as a candidate. This insect pathogenic fungus parasitizes Lepidoptera pest larvae and Hemiptera stinkbugs, causing green rigidity and repeated infestations. Microscopic, morphological, and molecular analyses were conducted on the fungal isolates, with ZHKUJGZ1, a strain of M. anisopliae, showing promise. Tests revealed that inoculating RIFA workers with 1 × 107 cfu/mL of ZHKUJGZ1 resulted in an 83.33 ± 1.57 % mortality rate, with an LC50 of 8.36 × 106 cfu/mL. Untargeted metabolomics suggested that ZHKUJGZ1 enhances insecticidal activity by disrupting the nervous system, signaling, digestive system, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthesis in RIFA. This study highlights the potential of using entomopathogenic fungi like M. anisopliae isolated from Dongguan as an effective strategy for controlling RIFA, offering a promising biocontrol option for agricultural pests.
{"title":"Insecticidal effect and mechanism of Metarhizium anisopliae ZHKUJGZ1 against Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"ShaoKe Meng , ChaoPeng Liang , Qun Zheng , ShiQi Zhu , Jian Wu , BoTong Wang , YongQing Wang , Zhixiang Zhang , DongMei Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The red imported fire ant (RIFA), <em>Solenopsis invicta</em> Buren, poses threats to biodiversity, public safety, agriculture, and the economy, especially as global trade expands its reach into China. To address this, researchers screened fungal isolates from soil in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, aiming to develop a biopesticide against RIFA. <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, known for its biocontrol potential, was identified as a candidate. This insect pathogenic fungus parasitizes Lepidoptera pest larvae and Hemiptera stinkbugs, causing green rigidity and repeated infestations. Microscopic, morphological, and molecular analyses were conducted on the fungal isolates, with ZHKUJGZ1, a strain of <em>M. anisopliae</em>, showing promise. Tests revealed that inoculating RIFA workers with 1 × 10<sup>7</sup> cfu/mL of ZHKUJGZ1 resulted in an 83.33 ± 1.57 % mortality rate, with an LC50 of 8.36 × 10<sup>6</sup> cfu/mL. Untargeted metabolomics suggested that ZHKUJGZ1 enhances insecticidal activity by disrupting the nervous system, signaling, digestive system, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthesis in RIFA. This study highlights the potential of using entomopathogenic fungi like <em>M. anisopliae</em> isolated from Dongguan as an effective strategy for controlling RIFA, offering a promising biocontrol option for agricultural pests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-27DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106361
Qiurong Ren , Qian Zhang , Yangyang Liu , Shuai Li , Jianqin Zhang , Yanli Wang , Abeer El Wakil , Bernard Moussian , Jianzhen Zhang
The instability of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) restricts the application of RNA interference (RNAi) technology in agricultural pest management. Various types of nanocarriers have been developed and employed for the stable delivery of dsRNA. Nonetheless, it remains unclear which type of nanomaterial could deliver dsRNA stably and efficiently for gene knockdown in Locusta migratoria. In this study, we evaluated the ability of three biocompatible and low-toxicity inorganic nanomaterials—polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (PEI-SWNT), polyethylenimine-functionalized carbon quantum dots (PEI-CQDs), and layered double hydroxide (LDH)—to bind and stabilize dsRNA. The results revealed that, compared to PEI-CQDs and LDH, PEI-SWNT more effectively protected dsRNA from degradation in locust gut fluids, across various temperatures, and under different pH conditions. Furthermore, we investigated the efficacy of PEI-SWNT/dsRNA complexes in suppressing endogenous genes in locusts through both injection and oral administration methods. Compared to bare dsRNA, PEI-SWNT/dsRNA complexes enhanced RNAi efficiency by up to 46.0 % and increased mortality by up to 39.0 %. Moderate levels of PEI-SWNT could improve the germination rate of wheat, while not affecting leaf growth in the short term. To our knowledge, this study is the first to apply PEI-SWNT inorganic nanomaterials in insects, which provides a foundational basis and compelling evidence for the development of nanomaterial-based nucleic acid pesticides.
{"title":"PEI-SWNT improves RNAi efficiency in Locusta migratoria via dsRNA injection delivery system","authors":"Qiurong Ren , Qian Zhang , Yangyang Liu , Shuai Li , Jianqin Zhang , Yanli Wang , Abeer El Wakil , Bernard Moussian , Jianzhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The instability of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) restricts the application of RNA interference (RNAi) technology in agricultural pest management. Various types of nanocarriers have been developed and employed for the stable delivery of dsRNA. Nonetheless, it remains unclear which type of nanomaterial could deliver dsRNA stably and efficiently for gene knockdown in <em>Locusta migratoria</em>. In this study, we evaluated the ability of three biocompatible and low-toxicity inorganic nanomaterials—polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (PEI-SWNT), polyethylenimine-functionalized carbon quantum dots (PEI-CQDs), and layered double hydroxide (LDH)—to bind and stabilize dsRNA. The results revealed that, compared to PEI-CQDs and LDH, PEI-SWNT more effectively protected dsRNA from degradation in locust gut fluids, across various temperatures, and under different pH conditions. Furthermore, we investigated the efficacy of PEI-SWNT/dsRNA complexes in suppressing endogenous genes in locusts through both injection and oral administration methods. Compared to bare dsRNA, PEI-SWNT/dsRNA complexes enhanced RNAi efficiency by up to 46.0 % and increased mortality by up to 39.0 %. Moderate levels of PEI-SWNT could improve the germination rate of wheat, while not affecting leaf growth in the short term. To our knowledge, this study is the first to apply PEI-SWNT inorganic nanomaterials in insects, which provides a foundational basis and compelling evidence for the development of nanomaterial-based nucleic acid pesticides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106361"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106349
Chunni Zhang, Ruifang Liu, Xianglong Chen, Xianling Du, Shiying Tang, Wu Dai
Uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play critical roles in xenobiotic detoxification and are involved in insecticide resistance. In this study, UGT inhibitors, sulfinpyrazone and 5-nitrouracil, exhibited significant synergistic effects on clothianidin in the clothianidin-resistant strain (CL-R) of Bradysia odoriphaga. UGT enzyme content was significantly higher in the CL-R strain than in the susceptible strain (SS), and both the SS and CL-R strains showed a significant upregulation of UGT content after exposure to clothianidin. Two UGT genes, UGT36M1 and UGT306K1, were significantly overexpressed in the CL-R strain. UGT36M1 was predominantly expressed in the fat body, and UGT306K1 exhibited high levels of expression in the Malpighian tubules and midgut. UGT36M1 and UGT306K1 in the SS strain were significantly upregulated in response to clothianidin exposure. The silencing of UGT36M1 and UGT306K1 significantly enhanced the susceptibility of B. odoriphaga larvae to clothianidin. Furthermore, transgenic overexpression of UGT36M1 and UGT306K1 in Drosophila melanogaster significantly increased the tolerance of fruit flies to clothianidin. These findings provide evidence of the crucial role of UGT36M1 and UGT306K1 in conferring resistance to clothianidin in B. odoriphaga.
{"title":"Contribution of UDP-glycosyltransferases to clothianidin resistance in Bradysia odoriphaga","authors":"Chunni Zhang, Ruifang Liu, Xianglong Chen, Xianling Du, Shiying Tang, Wu Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (UGTs) play critical roles in xenobiotic detoxification and are involved in insecticide resistance. In this study, UGT inhibitors, sulfinpyrazone and 5-nitrouracil, exhibited significant synergistic effects on clothianidin in the clothianidin-resistant strain (CL-R) of <em>Bradysia odoriphaga</em>. UGT enzyme content was significantly higher in the CL-R strain than in the susceptible strain (SS), and both the SS and CL-R strains showed a significant upregulation of UGT content after exposure to clothianidin. Two UGT genes, <em>UGT36M1</em> and <em>UGT306K1,</em> were significantly overexpressed in the CL-R strain. <em>UGT36M1</em> was predominantly expressed in the fat body, and <em>UGT306K1</em> exhibited high levels of expression in the Malpighian tubules and midgut. <em>UGT36M1</em> and <em>UGT306K1</em> in the SS strain were significantly upregulated in response to clothianidin exposure. The silencing of <em>UGT36M1</em> and <em>UGT306K1</em> significantly enhanced the susceptibility of <em>B. odoriphaga</em> larvae to clothianidin. Furthermore, transgenic overexpression of <em>UGT36M1</em> and <em>UGT306K1</em> in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> significantly increased the tolerance of fruit flies to clothianidin. These findings provide evidence of the crucial role of <em>UGT36M1</em> and <em>UGT306K1</em> in conferring resistance to clothianidin in <em>B. odoriphaga</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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