Protective effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the survival zone of the perforator flaps in rats.

IF 2.3 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL SAGE Open Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1177/20503121241276278

Fatemeh Bazgir, Arian Karimi Rouzbahani, Mehdi Birjandi, Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi

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Abstract

Background: Perforator flaps have recently been used in the field of plastic surgery. Skin defects can be reconstructed to reach functional and cosmetic goals. With the development of reconstructive approaches, utilizing stem cells is a hopeful approach to enhance wound healing and tissue recovery. In this study, we assessed the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the perforator flap's survival in rats.

Methods: Perforator flaps (2.5 × 11 cm) were transplanted into rats and focused on the thoracodorsal, intercostal, and deep circumflex arteries, which were randomly divided into three groups: control, saline, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (7 × 10⁶ ml). Seven days after the surgery, tissue edema, inflammation, and discharge were observed and photographed. Histological analyses were performed to determine flap survival. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess levels of microvascular density determined in skin flaps.

Results: Rats in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group exhibited higher average flap survival area, and higher microvascular density levels at the dynamical regions of the flaps compared with the other two groups. Subdermal injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells significantly increased ischemic perforator flap survival due to stimulated neovascularization in rats.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest the potential usefulness of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in preventing skin flap perforator tissue necrosis.

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骨髓间充质干细胞对大鼠穿孔器皮瓣存活区的保护作用。

背景：打孔器皮瓣最近被用于整形外科领域。皮肤缺损可通过重建达到功能和美容目的。随着重建方法的发展，利用干细胞来促进伤口愈合和组织恢复是一种充满希望的方法。在这项研究中，我们评估了骨髓间充质干细胞对大鼠穿孔皮瓣存活的影响：方法：将穿孔器皮瓣（2.5 × 11 厘米）移植到大鼠体内，并将其集中于胸背、肋间和深周动脉，随机分为三组：对照组、生理盐水组和骨髓间充质干细胞组（7 × 106 ml）。术后七天，对组织水肿、炎症和分泌物进行观察和拍照。进行组织学分析以确定皮瓣存活率。进行血红素和伊红染色以评估皮瓣中微血管密度的水平：结果：与其他两组相比，骨髓间充质干细胞组大鼠的皮瓣平均存活面积更高，皮瓣动态区域的微血管密度水平更高。骨髓间充质干细胞皮下注射可显著提高大鼠缺血穿孔皮瓣的存活率，这是因为骨髓间充质干细胞刺激了血管新生：我们的研究结果表明，骨髓间充质干细胞在预防皮瓣穿孔组织坏死方面具有潜在的作用。

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