Towards climate-responsible tree positioning: Detailed effects of trees on heat exposure in complex urban environments

IF 6 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128500
Zdeněk Janků , Michal Belda , Martin Bureš , Pavel Krč , Michal Lehnert , Jaroslav Resler , Hynek Řezníček , Eric Scott Krayenhoff , Eduardo Krüger , Jan Geletič
{"title":"Towards climate-responsible tree positioning: Detailed effects of trees on heat exposure in complex urban environments","authors":"Zdeněk Janků ,&nbsp;Michal Belda ,&nbsp;Martin Bureš ,&nbsp;Pavel Krč ,&nbsp;Michal Lehnert ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Resler ,&nbsp;Hynek Řezníček ,&nbsp;Eric Scott Krayenhoff ,&nbsp;Eduardo Krüger ,&nbsp;Jan Geletič","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128500","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing heat in urban environments has recently become one of the most dangerous climate hazards due to its adverse impacts on urban populations. Implementing street-level trees could be an effective strategy to mitigate pedestrian heat exposure, particularly due to their ability to block incoming solar radiation. In this study, the PALM model system was applied to simulate the effects of a tree canopy and its location on heat exposure, as quantified by the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), during a heat wave, using the example of Prague-Dejvice, Czech Republic. Our results show that trees reduce the UTCI under their canopy by 3.5 °C on average, with the greatest UTCI reduction in open spaces during mornings and afternoons. High spatio-temporal variations in the reduction of UTCI by a tree canopy were observed in the study domain, especially in street canyons and courtyards. The effectiveness of trees in mitigating heat exposure was found to be closely related to their individual location with respect to surrounding buildings, specifically: (i) the distance from the nearest building, (ii) the height of the nearest building, and (iii) the azimuthal angle of the vector from the nearest building towards the tree. Model simulations indicate that a particularly small reduction in UTCI (about 2.5 °C less than the mean) can be found under trees located in the shade of taller buildings that are within a few metres and between southwest and southeast of the trees. Our findings illustrate that tree positioning in cities should be undertaken carefully and thoughtfully so that the presence of trees effectively improves thermal comfort and urban quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 128500"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S161886672400298X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Increasing heat in urban environments has recently become one of the most dangerous climate hazards due to its adverse impacts on urban populations. Implementing street-level trees could be an effective strategy to mitigate pedestrian heat exposure, particularly due to their ability to block incoming solar radiation. In this study, the PALM model system was applied to simulate the effects of a tree canopy and its location on heat exposure, as quantified by the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), during a heat wave, using the example of Prague-Dejvice, Czech Republic. Our results show that trees reduce the UTCI under their canopy by 3.5 °C on average, with the greatest UTCI reduction in open spaces during mornings and afternoons. High spatio-temporal variations in the reduction of UTCI by a tree canopy were observed in the study domain, especially in street canyons and courtyards. The effectiveness of trees in mitigating heat exposure was found to be closely related to their individual location with respect to surrounding buildings, specifically: (i) the distance from the nearest building, (ii) the height of the nearest building, and (iii) the azimuthal angle of the vector from the nearest building towards the tree. Model simulations indicate that a particularly small reduction in UTCI (about 2.5 °C less than the mean) can be found under trees located in the shade of taller buildings that are within a few metres and between southwest and southeast of the trees. Our findings illustrate that tree positioning in cities should be undertaken carefully and thoughtfully so that the presence of trees effectively improves thermal comfort and urban quality of life.

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
实现对气候负责的树木定位:树木对复杂城市环境中热量暴露的详细影响
近来,城市环境中日益严重的热量问题已成为最危险的气候灾害之一,因为它对城市人口造成了不利影响。种植行道树是减轻行人热暴露的有效策略,特别是由于行道树能够阻挡射入的太阳辐射。在这项研究中,我们以捷克共和国布拉格-德伊维采市为例,应用 PALM 模型系统模拟了热浪期间树冠及其位置对热暴露的影响,并通过通用热气候指数(UTCI)进行了量化。我们的研究结果表明,树冠下的 UTCI 平均降低了 3.5 °C,上午和下午开放空间的 UTCI 降低幅度最大。在研究范围内,尤其是在街道峡谷和庭院中,树冠降低的 UTCI 存在很大的时空差异。研究发现,树木缓解热暴露的效果与树木相对于周围建筑物的位置密切相关,具体包括:(i) 与最近建筑物的距离;(ii) 最近建筑物的高度;(iii) 从最近建筑物到树木的矢量方位角。模型模拟表明,在位于高大建筑物树荫下的树下,UTCI 的降幅特别小(比平均值低约 2.5 °C),这些建筑物距离树木在几米之内,位于西南和东南之间。我们的研究结果表明,在城市中种植树木应谨慎而周到,这样树木的存在才能有效改善热舒适度和城市生活质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
12.50%
发文量
289
审稿时长
70 days
期刊介绍: Urban Forestry and Urban Greening is a refereed, international journal aimed at presenting high-quality research with urban and peri-urban woody and non-woody vegetation and its use, planning, design, establishment and management as its main topics. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening concentrates on all tree-dominated (as joint together in the urban forest) as well as other green resources in and around urban areas, such as woodlands, public and private urban parks and gardens, urban nature areas, street tree and square plantations, botanical gardens and cemeteries. The journal welcomes basic and applied research papers, as well as review papers and short communications. Contributions should focus on one or more of the following aspects: -Form and functions of urban forests and other vegetation, including aspects of urban ecology. -Policy-making, planning and design related to urban forests and other vegetation. -Selection and establishment of tree resources and other vegetation for urban environments. -Management of urban forests and other vegetation. Original contributions of a high academic standard are invited from a wide range of disciplines and fields, including forestry, biology, horticulture, arboriculture, landscape ecology, pathology, soil science, hydrology, landscape architecture, landscape planning, urban planning and design, economics, sociology, environmental psychology, public health, and education.
期刊最新文献
Energy performance assessment on vertical greening systems with green roof in hot summer and cold winter regions based on long-term experimental data The role of urban trees as nature-based solutions for stormwater runoff control Urbanization associated with greater tree growth declines in urban than in rural forests Cross-climatic comparison of microbial stress-responsive genes in urban parks: A comparative analysis Evidence for environmental influences on impulsivity and aggression
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1