{"title":"CARM1 phosphorylation at S595 by p38γ MAPK drives ROS-mediated cellular senescence","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.redox.2024.103344","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CARM1 is predominantly localized in the nucleus and plays a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating gene expression. It suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis by downregulating <em>PGC-1α</em> and <em>TFAM</em> expression, while promoting mitochondrial fission through increased <em>DNM1L</em> expression. Under oxidative stress, CARM1 translocates to the cytoplasm, where it directly methylates DRP1 and accelerates mitochondrial fission, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Cytoplasmic localization of CARM1 is facilitated by its phosphorylation at S595 by ROS-activated p38γ MAPK, creating a positive feedback loop. Consequently, cytoplasmic CARM1 contributes to cellular senescence by altering mitochondrial dynamics and increasing ROS levels. This observation was supported by the increased cytoplasmic CARM1 levels and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics in the transformed 10T1/2 cells. Moreover, CARM1 inhibitors not only inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells but also induce apoptotic death in senescent cells. These findings highlight the potential of CARM1 inhibitors, particularly those targeting cytoplasmic functions, as novel strategies for eliminating cancer and senescent cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20998,"journal":{"name":"Redox Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213231724003227/pdfft?md5=914e1463917126e03a5c48b76b5c9258&pid=1-s2.0-S2213231724003227-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Redox Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213231724003227","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
CARM1 is predominantly localized in the nucleus and plays a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating gene expression. It suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis by downregulating PGC-1α and TFAM expression, while promoting mitochondrial fission through increased DNM1L expression. Under oxidative stress, CARM1 translocates to the cytoplasm, where it directly methylates DRP1 and accelerates mitochondrial fission, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Cytoplasmic localization of CARM1 is facilitated by its phosphorylation at S595 by ROS-activated p38γ MAPK, creating a positive feedback loop. Consequently, cytoplasmic CARM1 contributes to cellular senescence by altering mitochondrial dynamics and increasing ROS levels. This observation was supported by the increased cytoplasmic CARM1 levels and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics in the transformed 10T1/2 cells. Moreover, CARM1 inhibitors not only inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells but also induce apoptotic death in senescent cells. These findings highlight the potential of CARM1 inhibitors, particularly those targeting cytoplasmic functions, as novel strategies for eliminating cancer and senescent cells.
期刊介绍:
Redox Biology is the official journal of the Society for Redox Biology and Medicine and the Society for Free Radical Research-Europe. It is also affiliated with the International Society for Free Radical Research (SFRRI). This journal serves as a platform for publishing pioneering research, innovative methods, and comprehensive review articles in the field of redox biology, encompassing both health and disease.
Redox Biology welcomes various forms of contributions, including research articles (short or full communications), methods, mini-reviews, and commentaries. Through its diverse range of published content, Redox Biology aims to foster advancements and insights in the understanding of redox biology and its implications.