Long-term ecological studies on the oxbow ecosystems development and fire history in the Drava river valley (Central Europe): Implications for ecological restoration

IF 3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Progress in Physical Geography-Earth and Environment Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1177/03091333241280073
Mariusz Gałka, Karina Apolinarska, Iwona Bubak, József Dezsȍ, Angelica Feurdean, Ali Salem, Marcin Słowik, Edyta Zawisza
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Abstract

Oxbow lakes are important habitats for many rare and protected wetland organisms and play a role as a storage of pollutants in floodplain. Unfortunately, many oxbows were destroyed due to drainage works and the adaptation of riverbeds to inland transport. Multi-proxy palaeoecological analyses makes it possible to recognise the succession of flora and fauna in the oxbow lakes over centuries and millenia. Insight into the history of the destroyed wetlands ecosystems is especially important for their restoration. We used palaeoecological methods (plant macrofossils, pollen, mollusc, Cladocera, diatoms, macrocharcoal) supported by radiocarbon dating to: (i) reconstruct the succession of the local flora (macrophytes, diatoms) and fauna (molluscs, Cladocera) during the last ca. 3000 years; (ii) provide a background of local to regional vegetation composition and disturbance by fire and human impact in the Drava valleys. (iii) determine natural reference conditions as a basis for the restoration of degraded oxbow ecosystems in the region; Our study revealed that: (i) in the shallow eutrophic oxbow lakes (ca. 2 m deep) occurred numerous submerged ( Najas marina, N. minor, Ceratophyllum demersum, Zannichelia palustris) and floating macrophytes ( Trapa natans, Nymphaea alba, Nuphar lutea), Cladocera and molluscs species (e.g. Borysthenia naticinata, Bithynia tentaculata, Valvata cristata) and we recommend that these species should be included in the restoration of oxbows in this region; (ii) warm climate phases (Roman Period, Medieval Period) likely enhanced the terrestrialisation process and transformation of water reservoirs into peatlands between 1200 and 800 cal. BP; (iii) human activity has led to changes in overall forest composition, including riparian tree taxa, since the beginning of the record and has intensified since the Medieval Period; (iv) the difference in the time and intensity of fires between the northern and southern part of Drava river valley is most likely due to the different history of human colonisation.
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德拉瓦河流域(中欧)牛弯生态系统发展和火灾历史的长期生态研究:对生态恢复的影响
牛首湖是许多稀有和受保护湿地生物的重要栖息地,并在洪泛区起到储存污染物的作用。遗憾的是,由于排水工程和河床适应内陆运输,许多牛首湖遭到破坏。通过多代古生态学分析,我们可以认识到牛首湖中动植物在几个世纪甚至几千年间的演替过程。了解被破坏的湿地生态系统的历史,对于恢复这些生态系统尤为重要。我们采用古生态学方法(植物大化石、花粉、软体动物、蚌类、硅藻、巨炭),并辅以放射性碳测年,以实现以下目的(i) 重建当地植物区系(大型植物、硅藻)和动物区系(软体动物、桡足类动物)在过去约 3000 年间的演替情况(ii) 提供德拉瓦河流域从当地到区域的植被组成以及火灾和人为影响造成的干扰的背景。(iii) 确定自然参考条件,作为恢复该地区退化的牛腹生态系统的基础;我们的研究表明(i) 在水深约 2 米的浅富营养化牛首湖中,有大量沉水植物(Najas marina、N. minor、Ceratophyllum demersum、Zannichelia palustris)和浮游大型水草(Trapa natans、Nymphaea alba、Nuphar lutea)、桡足类动物(Cladocera)和软体动物(如 Borysthenia naticin)。Borysthenia naticinata、Bithynia tentaculata、Valvata cristata),我们建议将这些物种纳入该地区牛湾的恢复工作中;(ii) 温暖气候阶段(罗马时期、中世纪时期)很可能加强了陆地化进程,并在公元前 1200 至 800 年间将水库转化为泥炭地;(iii) 人类活动可能会导致泥炭地的退化,并在公元前 1200 至 800 年间将泥炭地转化为陆地。(iv)德拉瓦河流域北部和南部火灾发生的时间和强度不同,很可能是由于人类殖民历史不同造成的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
5.10%
发文量
53
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Progress in Physical Geography is a peer-reviewed, international journal, encompassing an interdisciplinary approach incorporating the latest developments and debates within Physical Geography and interrelated fields across the Earth, Biological and Ecological System Sciences.
期刊最新文献
A review of flash flood hazards influenced by various solid material sources in mountain environment An excess-work approach to assessing channel instability potential within urban streams of Chicago, Illinois: Relative importance of spatial variability in hydraulic conditions and stormwater mitigation Long-term ecological studies on the oxbow ecosystems development and fire history in the Drava river valley (Central Europe): Implications for ecological restoration Fluvial encounters: Experimenting with a ‘River’s voice’ amidst light-based datafication Identification, computation, and mapping of anthropogenic landforms in urban areas: Case studies in the historical centre of Genoa, Italy (UNESCO World Heritage)
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