The Number of Seedlings from the Soil Seed Bank of Pine Forests with Differently Dated Fires Near the Karabash Copper Smelter

IF 1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY Russian Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1134/s1067413624602069

N. B. Kuyantseva, D. A. Molchanova, A. G. Mumber, D. V. Veselkin

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Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that the number of seedlings from the soil seed bank (SSB) in forests polluted by heavy metals and disturbed by recent fires decreases. It was also assumed that the consequences of pollution and fires for the soil seed bank are additive. We estimated the number of seedlings from the SSB of pine forests located near the Karabash copper smelter (KCS) (contaminated by Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) and from uncontaminated forests of the Ilmen State Reserve (ISR). In both areas, samples of the forest litter and humus horizon were taken from forests recently exposed to ground fires and long-term unburned forests. Samples were exhibited from June to September, conducting seven rounds of counting seedlings. Small peculiarities of the emergence of seedlings on the samples of the forest litter and the humus horizon were established. However, the regularities of the reaction of SSB to pollution and fire disturbances did not depend on the soil horizon. The number of seedlings on substrates from contaminated forests was 5–8 times lower than the number of seedlings on substrates from background forests. A decrease in the number of seedlings on polluted substrates was accompanied by an increase in the share of dicots in the total number of seedlings. The relationship between the number of seedlings and the age of fires was not found. The additivity of the consequences of pollution and fires has also not been established. Of the two types of damage, pollution and fires, the pollution factor is of leading importance for SSBs. The results indicate a low recovery capacity of the herb-shrub layer of polluted forests.

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卡拉巴赫铜冶炼厂附近发生不同日期火灾的松树林土壤种子库中的树苗数量

摘要我们对以下假设进行了检验：在受到重金属污染和近期火灾干扰的森林中，来自土壤种子库（SSB）的幼苗数量会减少。我们还假设污染和火灾对土壤种子库的影响是叠加的。我们从卡拉巴赫铜冶炼厂（KCS）附近（受铜、锌、铅和镉污染）的松树林和伊尔门国家保护区（ISR）未受污染森林的 SSB 中估算了树苗的数量。在这两个地区，森林枯落物和腐殖质层的样本都取自最近遭受地面火灾的森林和长期未被烧毁的森林。从 6 月到 9 月对样本进行了展示，并对幼苗进行了七轮计数。结果表明，在森林落叶层和腐殖质层样本上的幼苗萌发具有微小的特殊性。不过，SSB 对污染和火灾干扰的反应规律与土壤层无关。受污染森林基质上的幼苗数量比背景森林基质上的幼苗数量低 5-8 倍。在受污染基质上的幼苗数量减少的同时，双子叶植物在幼苗总数中所占的比例也在增加。没有发现幼苗数量与火龄之间的关系。污染和火灾后果的叠加性也没有得到证实。在污染和火灾这两种损害中，污染因素对 SSB 的影响最大。结果表明，受污染森林的草本灌木层恢复能力较低。

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来源期刊

Russian Journal of Ecology 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

18.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Russian Journal of Ecology publishes completed original studies in all branches of theoretical and experimental ecology, reviews, articles on topics currently in debate, and information on new methods of research.