Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624602070
L. S. Sharaya, A. V. Ivanova, P. A. Sharyi, R. S. Kuznetsova, N. V. Kostina, G. S. Rosenberg
Abstract
Overall, 34 local floras of vascular plants were analyzed at testing sites in the Middle Volga region with an area of 400 km2. Noticeable differences were revealed in the nature of correlations between the number of species of adventitious and native flora fractions and environmental factors: climate and relief. In the region, the number of native species is negatively related to air temperature, evaporation rates, and water deficit, while adventive species show a positive relationship with these characteristics. Adventive species are more often found in gently sloping lowlands in polygons characterized by increased elevation differences and drainage area. In general, adventitious species are more associated with semi-arid conditions in sites with relatively high ranges of environmental factors and standard deviation. Multiple regression showed that adventive species are more closely related to environmental factors than native species. In the region, adventive species are distributed predominantly in places (ecotopes) with increased environmental heterogeneity. An analysis of the relationships with environmental factors of the studied fractions may indicate that their distribution on the test sites is consistent, as a result of which they do not show opposition, which is also confirmed by the weak positive relationship between the richness of their species.
{"title":"Relations of the Species Wealth of Adventive and Aboriginal Fractions of Floras with the Characteristics of Climate and Relief in the Middle Volga Region","authors":"L. S. Sharaya, A. V. Ivanova, P. A. Sharyi, R. S. Kuznetsova, N. V. Kostina, G. S. Rosenberg","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624602070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624602070","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Overall, 34 local floras of vascular plants were analyzed at testing sites in the Middle Volga region with an area of 400 km<sup>2</sup>. Noticeable differences were revealed in the nature of correlations between the number of species of adventitious and native flora fractions and environmental factors: climate and relief. In the region, the number of native species is negatively related to air temperature, evaporation rates, and water deficit, while adventive species show a positive relationship with these characteristics. Adventive species are more often found in gently sloping lowlands in polygons characterized by increased elevation differences and drainage area. In general, adventitious species are more associated with semi-arid conditions in sites with relatively high ranges of environmental factors and standard deviation. Multiple regression showed that adventive species are more closely related to environmental factors than native species. In the region, adventive species are distributed predominantly in places (ecotopes) with increased environmental heterogeneity. An analysis of the relationships with environmental factors of the studied fractions may indicate that their distribution on the test sites is consistent, as a result of which they do not show opposition, which is also confirmed by the weak positive relationship between the richness of their species.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624602185
A. E. Zhokhov, A. V. Kozhara
Abstract
The distribution of trematodes Paracoenogonimus ovatus and its first intermediate hosts, viviparous Viviparus viviparus and V. contectus in the Ob–Irtysh basin were analyzed. Until the 1990s the spreading of P. ovatus in this region was associated with habitats of V. contectus, which is considered a native species in Western Siberia. Since the mid-1990s European species V. viviparus began to spread in the Ob basin. Before this, only one source of infection with P. ovatus was known associated with finding V. viviparus in the Lower Irtysh. This paper describes another such outbreak in the Tura River near the city of Tyumen. In fish from the Tura River, a generally high extent and intensity of invasion were noted. Further expansion of the range is predicted P. ovatus associated with expansion V. viviparus.
摘要 分析了卵形吸虫（Paracoenogonimus ovatus）及其第一中间宿主（Viviparous Viviparus viviparus和V. contectus）在奥布里奇盆地的分布情况。直到 20 世纪 90 年代，卵翅蝠在该地区的传播都与 V. contectus 的栖息地有关，V. contectus 被认为是西西伯利亚西部的原生物种。自 20 世纪 90 年代中期以来，欧洲物种 V. viviparus 开始在鄂毕河流域传播。在此之前，只有一个已知的卵形蝠感染源与在下额尔齐斯河发现 V. viviparus 有关。本文描述了在秋明市附近的图拉河爆发的另一次此类疫情。在图拉河的鱼类中发现，入侵的范围和强度普遍较高。预计 P. ovatus 的范围将进一步扩大，与 V. viviparus 的扩大有关。
{"title":"Expansion of the Area of Trematodes Paracoenogonimus Ovatus (Katsurada, 1914) in Western Siberia","authors":"A. E. Zhokhov, A. V. Kozhara","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624602185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624602185","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The distribution of trematodes <i>Paracoenogonimus ovatus</i> and its first intermediate hosts, viviparous <i>Viviparus viviparus</i> and <i>V. contectus</i> in the Ob–Irtysh basin were analyzed. Until the 1990s the spreading of <i>P. ovatus</i> in this region was associated with habitats of <i>V. contectus</i>, which is considered a native species in Western Siberia. Since the mid-1990s European species <i>V. viviparus</i> began to spread in the Ob basin. Before this, only one source of infection with <i>P. ovatus</i> was known associated with finding <i>V. viviparus</i> in the Lower Irtysh. This paper describes another such outbreak in the Tura River near the city of Tyumen. In fish from the Tura River, a generally high extent and intensity of invasion were noted. Further expansion of the range is predicted <i>P. ovatus</i> associated with expansion <i>V. viviparus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624602008
N. V. Ivanova, M. P. Shashkov, A. V. Lebedev, V. N. Shanin
Abstract
The consequences of a catastrophic windthrow in a old-growth hemiboreal stands of the Kologrivsky Forest Reserve were investigated. The degree of damage to tree stands was assessed by interpretation of the Sentinel-2 satellite images. Data from the GBIF portal, SRTM global terrain height models, and tree stand heights were used for the quantitative analysis of factors affecting the presence of wind damage. It was found that tree stands on an area of 277.9 hectares (40.5% of the entire massif) were damaged by windthrow. The results of the analysis of height models and regression models showed that spruce stands are more vulnerable to wind damage, as well as stands of greater height or those growing at higher elevation on the ground.
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Factors Influencing Damage to Old-Growth Hemiboreal Stands as a Result of a Catastrophic Windthrow, Based on Remote Sensing and Merged Data","authors":"N. V. Ivanova, M. P. Shashkov, A. V. Lebedev, V. N. Shanin","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624602008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624602008","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The consequences of a catastrophic windthrow in a old-growth hemiboreal stands of the Kologrivsky Forest Reserve were investigated. The degree of damage to tree stands was assessed by interpretation of the Sentinel-2 satellite images. Data from the GBIF portal, SRTM global terrain height models, and tree stand heights were used for the quantitative analysis of factors affecting the presence of wind damage. It was found that tree stands on an area of 277.9 hectares (40.5% of the entire massif) were damaged by windthrow. The results of the analysis of height models and regression models showed that spruce stands are more vulnerable to wind damage, as well as stands of greater height or those growing at higher elevation on the ground.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624602069
N. B. Kuyantseva, D. A. Molchanova, A. G. Mumber, D. V. Veselkin
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the number of seedlings from the soil seed bank (SSB) in forests polluted by heavy metals and disturbed by recent fires decreases. It was also assumed that the consequences of pollution and fires for the soil seed bank are additive. We estimated the number of seedlings from the SSB of pine forests located near the Karabash copper smelter (KCS) (contaminated by Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) and from uncontaminated forests of the Ilmen State Reserve (ISR). In both areas, samples of the forest litter and humus horizon were taken from forests recently exposed to ground fires and long-term unburned forests. Samples were exhibited from June to September, conducting seven rounds of counting seedlings. Small peculiarities of the emergence of seedlings on the samples of the forest litter and the humus horizon were established. However, the regularities of the reaction of SSB to pollution and fire disturbances did not depend on the soil horizon. The number of seedlings on substrates from contaminated forests was 5–8 times lower than the number of seedlings on substrates from background forests. A decrease in the number of seedlings on polluted substrates was accompanied by an increase in the share of dicots in the total number of seedlings. The relationship between the number of seedlings and the age of fires was not found. The additivity of the consequences of pollution and fires has also not been established. Of the two types of damage, pollution and fires, the pollution factor is of leading importance for SSBs. The results indicate a low recovery capacity of the herb-shrub layer of polluted forests.
{"title":"The Number of Seedlings from the Soil Seed Bank of Pine Forests with Differently Dated Fires Near the Karabash Copper Smelter","authors":"N. B. Kuyantseva, D. A. Molchanova, A. G. Mumber, D. V. Veselkin","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624602069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624602069","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We tested the hypothesis that the number of seedlings from the soil seed bank (SSB) in forests polluted by heavy metals and disturbed by recent fires decreases. It was also assumed that the consequences of pollution and fires for the soil seed bank are additive. We estimated the number of seedlings from the SSB of pine forests located near the Karabash copper smelter (KCS) (contaminated by Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) and from uncontaminated forests of the Ilmen State Reserve (ISR). In both areas, samples of the forest litter and humus horizon were taken from forests recently exposed to ground fires and long-term unburned forests. Samples were exhibited from June to September, conducting seven rounds of counting seedlings. Small peculiarities of the emergence of seedlings on the samples of the forest litter and the humus horizon were established. However, the regularities of the reaction of SSB to pollution and fire disturbances did not depend on the soil horizon. The number of seedlings on substrates from contaminated forests was 5–8 times lower than the number of seedlings on substrates from background forests. A decrease in the number of seedlings on polluted substrates was accompanied by an increase in the share of dicots in the total number of seedlings. The relationship between the number of seedlings and the age of fires was not found. The additivity of the consequences of pollution and fires has also not been established. Of the two types of damage, pollution and fires, the pollution factor is of leading importance for SSBs. The results indicate a low recovery capacity of the herb-shrub layer of polluted forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624601982
N. M. Devi, V. A. Bessonova, V. V. Kukarskih, R. M. Hantemirov
Abstract
On 12 sample plots established in the ecotone of the northern forest boundary in the Khadyta-Yakha River valley on the Yamal Peninsula, time of emergence and death, as well as productivity of about 1000 Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) trees were analyzed. Over the last 140 years, there has been a sharp increase in the stocks and annual growth of stem phytomass of woody plants within the studied ecotone. Since the 1970s, the average annual growth of phytomass has been increased by 1.2–39 times, which was facilitated by a 0.9°C increase in average June–July air temperature. However, this effect is insignificant in areas of mixed open forests subjected to periodic logging.
{"title":"The Influence of Climatic and Anthropogenic Factors on the Productivity of Forest Stands in the Ecotone of the Northern Treeline on the Yamal Peninsula","authors":"N. M. Devi, V. A. Bessonova, V. V. Kukarskih, R. M. Hantemirov","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624601982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624601982","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>On 12 sample plots established in the ecotone of the northern forest boundary in the Khadyta-Yakha River valley on the Yamal Peninsula, time of emergence and death, as well as productivity of about 1000 Siberian larch (<i>Larix sibirica</i> Ledeb.) and Siberian spruce (<i>Picea obovata</i> Ledeb.) trees were analyzed. Over the last 140 years, there has been a sharp increase in the stocks and annual growth of stem phytomass of woody plants within the studied ecotone. Since the 1970s, the average annual growth of phytomass has been increased by 1.2–39 times, which was facilitated by a 0.9°C increase in average June–July air temperature. However, this effect is insignificant in areas of mixed open forests subjected to periodic logging.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624602094
S. I. Grabovik, L. V. Kantserova, S. R. Znamenskiy
Abstract
The studies were carried out on the territory of the Kindasovo forest-bog research station of the Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, located in the middle taiga subzone (61°48′ N and 33°35′ E). The experiments were carried out in the Nenazvannoe natural mesoeutrophic bog of the aapa type in seven permanent bog areas located in different ecological and coenotic conditions. The paper presents long-term results (from 10 to 38 years) of studies of the dynamics of annual growth of 11 widespread hygro- and hydrophilic species of sphagnum mosses. Based on fluctuations in the average annual growth data during the years of study, the largest increases were observed for Sphagnum riparium (140 mm) and S. obtusum (93 mm), growing in heavily watered bog areas and not withstanding drying out; medium growths of S. fallax (65 mm), S. subsecundum (57 mm), S. majus (42 mm), S. balticum (36 mm), and S. warnstorfii (28 mm) are found in low-flow watered bogs, hollows, and on carpets; the lowest growth was shown for S. divinum (17 mm), S. centrale (15 mm), S. papillosum (12 mm), and S. fuscum (8 mm), growing on ridges, low hummocks, and carpets under conditions of sharply variable conditions hydration. A correlation analysis to study the influence of precipitation and average temperature on the annual growth of sphagnum mosses did not show any significant dependence of moss growth on temperature during the growing season. For S. fuscum, S. obtusum, and S. warnstorfii, negative dependences on the temperature of individual months are observed in different months of the growing season. Precipitation during the growing season is the main factor determining the dependence of the annual growth of sphagnum mosses. A significant dependence of annual growth on precipitation during the growing season was shown for species S. obtusum, S. papillosum, S. centrale, S. fallax, and S. subsecundum, while the significance was weak for S. divinum, S. fuscum, and S. majus.
{"title":"Results of Long-Term Studies of Annual Growth of Mosses of the Genus Sphagnum L. in the Central Taiga of Karelia","authors":"S. I. Grabovik, L. V. Kantserova, S. R. Znamenskiy","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624602094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624602094","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The studies were carried out on the territory of the Kindasovo forest-bog research station of the Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, located in the middle taiga subzone (61°48′ N and 33°35′ E). The experiments were carried out in the Nenazvannoe natural mesoeutrophic bog of the aapa type in seven permanent bog areas located in different ecological and coenotic conditions. The paper presents long-term results (from 10 to 38 years) of studies of the dynamics of annual growth of 11 widespread hygro- and hydrophilic species of sphagnum mosses. Based on fluctuations in the average annual growth data during the years of study, the largest increases were observed for <i>Sphagnum riparium</i> (140 mm) and <i>S. obtusum</i> (93 mm), growing in heavily watered bog areas and not withstanding drying out; medium growths of <i>S. fallax</i> (65 mm), <i>S. subsecundum</i> (57 mm), <i>S. majus</i> (42 mm), <i>S. balticum</i> (36 mm), and <i>S. warnstorfii</i> (28 mm) are found in low-flow watered bogs, hollows, and on carpets; the lowest growth was shown for <i>S. divinum</i> (17 mm), <i>S. centrale</i> (15 mm), <i>S. papillosum</i> (12 mm), and <i>S. fuscum</i> (8 mm), growing on ridges, low hummocks, and carpets under conditions of sharply variable conditions hydration. A correlation analysis to study the influence of precipitation and average temperature on the annual growth of sphagnum mosses did not show any significant dependence of moss growth on temperature during the growing season. For <i>S. fuscum</i>, <i>S. obtusum</i>, and <i>S. warnstorfii</i>, negative dependences on the temperature of individual months are observed in different months of the growing season. Precipitation during the growing season is the main factor determining the dependence of the annual growth of sphagnum mosses. A significant dependence of annual growth on precipitation during the growing season was shown for species <i>S. obtusum</i>, <i>S. papillosum</i>, <i>S. centrale</i>, <i>S. fallax</i>, and <i>S. subsecundum</i>, while the significance was weak for <i>S. divinum</i>, <i>S. fuscum</i>, and <i>S. majus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624601921
V. G. Grinkov, H. Sternberg
Abstract
We present the main demographic parameters of the Western Siberian pied flycatcher population, nesting in natural habitats, at different stages of population dynamics. The average values, range, boundaries, and direction of changes in the survival of sexually mature individuals, fecundity, and the encounter probability at different ages were analyzed. Using matrix models of population structure and population dynamics, an estimate of the true survival rate of fledglings is given. The range of values of demographic parameters that characterize viable groups of the studied bird species is indicated.
{"title":"Estimation of Demographics of Self-Sustaining Groups of Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (Passeriformes: Muscipapidae) Taking Into Account the Long-Term Dynamics of the Population Breeding in the Tomsk Oblast (Western Siberia)","authors":"V. G. Grinkov, H. Sternberg","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624601921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624601921","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We present the main demographic parameters of the Western Siberian pied flycatcher population, nesting in natural habitats, at different stages of population dynamics. The average values, range, boundaries, and direction of changes in the survival of sexually mature individuals, fecundity, and the encounter probability at different ages were analyzed. Using matrix models of population structure and population dynamics, an estimate of the true survival rate of fledglings is given. The range of values of demographic parameters that characterize viable groups of the studied bird species is indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624700097
E. Yu. Brusentsev, T. A. Rakhmanova, I. N. Rozhkova, S. V. Okotrub, V. S. Kozeneva, S. Ya. Amstislavsky
Abstract
Diapause is a coping strategy characteristic to many invertebrates and vertebrates including more than 100 mammalian species. Preserving the genetic diversity of rare and endangered diapausing species is important for maintaining ecological systems. The purpose of this work was to compare the surgical model of diapause and the pharmacological model based on injecting DL-α-difluoromethylornithine (DL-α-DFMO) into mice. Another goal was to investigate the intriguing possibility of controlling the state of diapause in vitro by exposing murine embryos to putrescine and/or DL-α-DFMO. Although the pharmacological model a priori seems to be attractive for applying it to other mammalian species besides mice, since it does not require surgical intervention, our results on mice demonstrated that this model is less effective compared to the traditional surgical model of diapause. Our data indicates that the effects of DL-α-DFMO on mouse embryos are mediated via its effect on the uterus, as it was not possible to maintain dormancy state in diapausing embryos in vitro by this agent. Meanwhile, in vitro exposure to putrescine facilitates the re-activation of diapausing embryos, as evidenced by the higher rate of blastocysts adhesion and the more advanced stages of ICM outgrowth compared to controls. Our results on mice presented hereby indicate that the surgical model is more reliable than DL-α-DFMO diapause model. Moreover, our results proved that putrescine is a potent tool to re-activate murine diapausing embryos in vitro; this may be considered an ecologically important issue relevant to the conservation problem.
{"title":"Experimental Approaches to Controlled Diapause in Mammals","authors":"E. Yu. Brusentsev, T. A. Rakhmanova, I. N. Rozhkova, S. V. Okotrub, V. S. Kozeneva, S. Ya. Amstislavsky","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624700097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624700097","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Diapause is a coping strategy characteristic to many invertebrates and vertebrates including more than 100 mammalian species. Preserving the genetic diversity of rare and endangered diapausing species is important for maintaining ecological systems. The purpose of this work was to compare the surgical model of diapause and the pharmacological model based on injecting DL-α-difluoromethylornithine (DL-α-DFMO) into mice. Another goal was to investigate the intriguing possibility of controlling the state of diapause in vitro by exposing murine embryos to putrescine and/or DL-α-DFMO. Although the pharmacological model <i>a priori</i> seems to be attractive for applying it to other mammalian species besides mice, since it does not require surgical intervention, our results on mice demonstrated that this model is less effective compared to the traditional surgical model of diapause. Our data indicates that the effects of DL-α-DFMO on mouse embryos are mediated via its effect on the uterus, as it was not possible to maintain dormancy state in diapausing embryos in vitro by this agent. Meanwhile, in vitro exposure to putrescine facilitates the re-activation of diapausing embryos, as evidenced by the higher rate of blastocysts adhesion and the more advanced stages of ICM outgrowth compared to controls. Our results on mice presented hereby indicate that the surgical model is more reliable than DL-α-DFMO diapause model. Moreover, our results proved that putrescine is a potent tool to re-activate murine diapausing embryos in vitro; this may be considered an ecologically important issue relevant to the conservation problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624700061
A. A. Maximov, N. A. Berezina
Abstract
Changes in the macrozoobenthos of two northern lakes differing in degree of humification of water over the 50-year period that have passed since the first studies were considered. In the lake with water uncolored by humus, the benthos biomass increased, and in the humified one, it decreased. The changes that have occurred are due to climate warming, especially pronounced in winter. It was concluded that even closely located bodies of water can respond differently to climate change. Depending on the nature of the catchment area and the morphology of the lakes, either an increase in their productivity due to the supply of nutrients or a decrease due to humification can be observed.
{"title":"Macrozoobenthos of Subarctic Lakes as an Indicator of Climate Change","authors":"A. A. Maximov, N. A. Berezina","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624700061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624700061","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Changes in the macrozoobenthos of two northern lakes differing in degree of humification of water over the 50-year period that have passed since the first studies were considered. In the lake with water uncolored by humus, the benthos biomass increased, and in the humified one, it decreased. The changes that have occurred are due to climate warming, especially pronounced in winter. It was concluded that even closely located bodies of water can respond differently to climate change. Depending on the nature of the catchment area and the morphology of the lakes, either an increase in their productivity due to the supply of nutrients or a decrease due to humification can be observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.1134/s1067413624700085
A. V. Alekhnovich
Abstract
Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) was first discovered in the rivers of Belarus in 1997. The striped crayfish spread along rivers originated in Poland. Currently, F. limosus is found in the Neman River and in all tributaries of the first and second orders within the borders of the Grodno region and the rivers of the Western Bug basin of the Brest region of Belarus. The striped crayfish colonizing new places moved upstream of the rivers: the maximum speed of spread was 20 km/year, and the average speed was 7–8 km/year. Males of older age groups appear first in new habitats. As a result of human activity, the migration of striped crayfish from the Neman basin to the Dnieper basin has been noted.
{"title":"Distribution of Striped Crayfish Faxonius Limosus in Water Bodies of Belarus","authors":"A. V. Alekhnovich","doi":"10.1134/s1067413624700085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1067413624700085","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p><i>Faxonius limosus</i> (Rafinesque, 1817) was first discovered in the rivers of Belarus in 1997. The striped crayfish spread along rivers originated in Poland. Currently, <i>F. limosus</i> is found in the Neman River and in all tributaries of the first and second orders within the borders of the Grodno region and the rivers of the Western Bug basin of the Brest region of Belarus. The striped crayfish colonizing new places moved upstream of the rivers: the maximum speed of spread was 20 km/year, and the average speed was 7–8 km/year. Males of older age groups appear first in new habitats. As a result of human activity, the migration of striped crayfish from the Neman basin to the Dnieper basin has been noted.</p>","PeriodicalId":49586,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Ecology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141571590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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