Experimental Approaches to Controlled Diapause in Mammals

IF 1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY Russian Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.1134/s1067413624700097

E. Yu. Brusentsev, T. A. Rakhmanova, I. N. Rozhkova, S. V. Okotrub, V. S. Kozeneva, S. Ya. Amstislavsky

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Abstract

Diapause is a coping strategy characteristic to many invertebrates and vertebrates including more than 100 mammalian species. Preserving the genetic diversity of rare and endangered diapausing species is important for maintaining ecological systems. The purpose of this work was to compare the surgical model of diapause and the pharmacological model based on injecting DL-α-difluoromethylornithine (DL-α-DFMO) into mice. Another goal was to investigate the intriguing possibility of controlling the state of diapause in vitro by exposing murine embryos to putrescine and/or DL-α-DFMO. Although the pharmacological model a priori seems to be attractive for applying it to other mammalian species besides mice, since it does not require surgical intervention, our results on mice demonstrated that this model is less effective compared to the traditional surgical model of diapause. Our data indicates that the effects of DL-α-DFMO on mouse embryos are mediated via its effect on the uterus, as it was not possible to maintain dormancy state in diapausing embryos in vitro by this agent. Meanwhile, in vitro exposure to putrescine facilitates the re-activation of diapausing embryos, as evidenced by the higher rate of blastocysts adhesion and the more advanced stages of ICM outgrowth compared to controls. Our results on mice presented hereby indicate that the surgical model is more reliable than DL-α-DFMO diapause model. Moreover, our results proved that putrescine is a potent tool to re-activate murine diapausing embryos in vitro; this may be considered an ecologically important issue relevant to the conservation problem.

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哺乳动物控制性停歇的实验方法

摘要减栖是许多无脊椎动物和脊椎动物（包括 100 多种哺乳动物）特有的一种应对策略。保护稀有和濒危休眠物种的遗传多样性对维持生态系统非常重要。这项工作的目的是比较外科手术模式和向小鼠注射 DL-α-difluoromethylornithine （DL-α-DFMO）的药理学模式。另一个目标是研究通过将小鼠胚胎暴露于腐胺和/或 DL-α-DFMO 来控制体外休眠状态的可能性。尽管这种药理学模型无需外科手术干预，因此先验地看似乎对应用于小鼠以外的其他哺乳动物物种很有吸引力，但我们对小鼠的研究结果表明，与传统的外科手术停滞模型相比，这种模型的效果较差。我们的数据表明，DL-α-DFMO 对小鼠胚胎的影响是通过其对子宫的作用来介导的，因为这种药剂无法维持体外休眠胚胎的休眠状态。同时，与对照组相比，体外暴露于腐胺可促进休眠胚胎的重新激活，这表现在囊胚粘附率更高，ICM 的生长阶段更成熟。我们对小鼠的研究结果表明，手术模型比 DL-α-DFMO 停育模型更可靠。此外，我们的研究结果还证明，腐胺是一种有效的工具，可在体外重新激活小鼠停滞的胚胎；这可能被认为是与保护问题相关的一个重要生态问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Russian Journal of Ecology 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

1.50

自引率

18.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Russian Journal of Ecology publishes completed original studies in all branches of theoretical and experimental ecology, reviews, articles on topics currently in debate, and information on new methods of research.