Research on single-phase grounding fault location technology in distribution networks based on impedance method

Abstract

This article mainly introduces the impedance based single-phase grounding fault location method for distribution networks, including its theoretical basis, algorithm steps, and simulation verification. First, starting from the impedance analysis of the transmission line model, the method of accurately measuring the location of the fault point through phase domain analysis is explained. Next, the process of impedance analysis for single-phase grounding faults was described in detail, that is, how to solve the impedance of the grounding fault points by calculating the voltage and current signals. Then, the specific process of the impedance based grounding fault location algorithm was introduced, including the calculation of equivalent load impedance, the calculation of starting voltage and current, the calculation of grounding current, and the solution of fault point location. Finally, simulation verification was conducted using an IEEE 34 node distribution system example in a MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the results showed that the algorithm has high positioning accuracy, with a maximum error of within 3%.