Acoustic Speech Analysis in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

S. Saeedi, S. Hetjens, M. O. W. Grimm, Ben Barsties v. Latoszek
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Abstract

Background

The potential of biomarkers in the detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is prominent. Acoustics may be useful in this context but the evaluation and weighting for specific acoustic parameters on continuous speech is missing. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the significance of acoustic parameters from acoustic speech analysis on continuous speech, as a diagnostic tool for clinical AD.

Methods

Applying PRISMA protocol, a comprehensive search was done in MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL, from 1960 to January 2024. Cross-sectional studies comparing the acoustic speech analysis between AD patients and healthy controls (HC), were taken into account. The bias risk of the included studies were examined via JBI checklist. Using Review Manager v.5.4.1, the mean differences of acoustic speech parameters among AD and HC were weighted, and the pooled analysis and the heterogeneity statistics were conducted.

Results

In total, 1112 records (without duplicates) were obtained, and 11 papers with 7 acoustic parameters were included for this study, and 8 from 11 studies were identified with a low level of bias. Five from 7 acoustic parameters revealed significant differences among the two groups (p-values ≤ 0.01), in which for all rate-related and interruption-related acoustic parameters were the most prominent and less in temporal-related acoustic parameters.

Conclusions

Although a small number of acoustic parameters on continuous speech could be evaluated in the detection of clinical AD, the greatest potential of acoustic biomarkers for AD appeared to exist in two of three categories. Further contributions of high-quality studies are needed to support evidence for acoustics as biomarkers for AD.

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阿尔茨海默病的语音声学分析:系统回顾与元分析
背景生物标志物在检测阿尔茨海默病(AD)方面的潜力十分突出。声学在这方面可能很有用,但对连续语音的特定声学参数的评估和权重却缺乏。本荟萃分析旨在探讨连续语音声学分析中的声学参数作为临床 AD 诊断工具的意义。方法采用 PRISMA 协议,在 1960 年至 2024 年 1 月期间的 MEDLINE、Scopus、Web of Science 和 CENTRAL 中进行了全面检索。纳入的研究均为横断面研究,比较了 AD 患者和健康对照组(HC)的语音声学分析。纳入研究的偏倚风险通过 JBI 核对表进行检查。使用 Review Manager v.5.4.1,对 AD 和 HC 之间的语音声学参数的平均差异进行加权处理,并进行汇总分析和异质性统计。7个声学参数中有5个在两组间存在显著差异(P值≤0.01),其中与语速相关的声学参数和与中断相关的声学参数最为突出,而与时间相关的声学参数则较少。结论虽然在检测临床AD时可以对连续语音的少量声学参数进行评估,但AD声学生物标志物的最大潜力似乎存在于三类中的两类。需要更多高质量的研究来支持声学作为AD生物标志物的证据。
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来源期刊
The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease
The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
9.20
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期刊介绍: The JPAD Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’Disease will publish reviews, original research articles and short reports to improve our knowledge in the field of Alzheimer prevention including: neurosciences, biomarkers, imaging, epidemiology, public health, physical cognitive exercise, nutrition, risk and protective factors, drug development, trials design, and heath economic outcomes.JPAD will publish also the meeting abstracts from Clinical Trial on Alzheimer Disease (CTAD) and will be distributed both in paper and online version worldwide.We hope that JPAD with your contribution will play a role in the development of Alzheimer prevention.
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