Modeling the hydrodynamic wake of an offshore solar array in OpenFOAM

IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Frontiers in Energy Research Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI:10.3389/fenrg.2024.1434356
Martin van der Eijk, Désirée Plenker, Erik Hendriks, Lynyrd de Wit
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Abstract

Offshore solar is seen as a promising technology for renewable energy generation. It can be particularly valuable when co-located within offshore wind farms, as these forms of energy generation are complementary. However, the environmental impact of offshore solar is not fully understood yet, and obtaining a better understanding of the possible impact is essential before this technology is applied at a large scale. An important aspect which is still unclear is how offshore solar affects the local hydrodynamics in the marine environment. This article describes the hydrodynamic wake generated by an offshore solar array, arising from the interaction between the array and a tidal current. A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling approach was used, which applies numerical large eddy simulations (LES) in OpenFOAM. The simulations are verified using the numerical model TUDFLOW3D. The study quantifies the wake dimensions and puts them in perspective with the array size, orientation, and tidal current magnitude. The investigation reveals that wake width depends on array size and array orientation. When the array is aligned with the current, wake width is relatively confined and does not depend on the array size. When the array is rotated, the wake width experiences exponential growth, becoming approximately 30% wider than the array width. Wake length is influenced by factors such as horizontal array dimensions and current magnitude. The gaps in between the floaters decrease this dependency. Similarly, the wake depth showed similar dependencies, except for the current magnitude, and only affected the upper meters of the water column. Beneath the array, flow shedding effects occur, affecting a larger part of the water column than the wake. Flow shedding depends on floater size, gaps, and orientation.
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在 OpenFOAM 中模拟离岸太阳能电池阵列的水动力尾流
近海太阳能被视为一种前景广阔的可再生能源发电技术。如果与海上风力发电场同处一地,这种技术会特别有价值,因为这两种发电形式是互补的。然而,人们尚未完全了解离岸太阳能对环境的影响,在大规模应用这种技术之前,必须更好地了解可能产生的影响。目前仍不清楚的一个重要方面是,离岸太阳能如何影响海洋环境中的当地流体力学。本文描述了离岸太阳能电池阵列与潮流相互作用产生的水动力尾流。采用了计算流体动力学(CFD)建模方法,在 OpenFOAM 中进行了大涡流数值模拟(LES)。模拟结果通过数值模型 TUDFLOW3D 进行了验证。该研究量化了唤醒尺寸,并将其与阵列大小、方向和潮汐流幅度联系起来。研究表明,唤醒宽度取决于阵列尺寸和阵列方向。当阵列与潮流对齐时,唤醒宽度相对有限,与阵列尺寸无关。当阵列旋转时,唤醒宽度呈指数增长,比阵列宽度宽约 30%。唤醒长度受水平阵列尺寸和水流大小等因素的影响。浮子之间的间隙降低了这种依赖性。同样,除水流幅度外,尾流深度也表现出类似的依赖性,并且只影响水柱的上层。在阵列下方,会出现流脱效应,对水柱的影响比尾流更大。水流脱落取决于漂浮物的大小、间隙和方向。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Energy Research
Frontiers in Energy Research Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics and Econometrics
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
11.80%
发文量
1727
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Energy Research makes use of the unique Frontiers platform for open-access publishing and research networking for scientists, which provides an equal opportunity to seek, share and create knowledge. The mission of Frontiers is to place publishing back in the hands of working scientists and to promote an interactive, fair, and efficient review process. Articles are peer-reviewed according to the Frontiers review guidelines, which evaluate manuscripts on objective editorial criteria
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