Computational fluid dynamic analysis of the effect of inlet valve closing timing on common rail diesel engines fueled with butanol–diesel blends

IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS Frontiers in Energy Research Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI:10.3389/fenrg.2024.1447307
Venkatesh T. Lamani, K. V. Shivaprasad, Dibyendu Roy, Ajay Kumar Yadav, G. N. Kumar
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Abstract

The inlet valve closing (IVC) timing plays a crucial role in engine combustion, which impacts engine performance and emissions. This study attempts to measure the potential to use n-butanol (Bu) and its blends with the neat diesel in a common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is carried out to estimate the performance, combustion, and exhaust emission characteristics of n-butanol–diesel blends (0%–30% by volume) for variable valve timings. An experimental study is carried out using standard valve timing and blends to validate the CFD model (ESE AVL FIRE). After validation, the CFD model is employed to study the effect of variable valve timings for different n-butanol–diesel blends. Extended coherent flame model-3 zone (ECFM-3Z) is implemented to conduct combustion analysis, and the kappa–zeta–f (k–ζ–f) model is employed for turbulence modeling. The inlet valve closing (IVC) time is varied (advanced and retarded) from standard conditions, and optimized valve timing is obtained. Advancing IVC time leads to lower cylinder pressure during compression due to reduced trapped air mass. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is increased by 4.5%, 6%, and 8% for Bu10, Bu20, and Bu30, respectively, compared to Bu0. Based on BTE, optimum injection timings are obtained at 12° before the top dead center (BTDC) for Bu0 and 15° BTDC for Bu10, Bu20, and Bu30. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions increase due to complete combustion. Due to IVC timing, further carbon monoxide and soot formation decreased with blends and had an insignificant effect.
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进气门关闭时间对使用丁醇-柴油混合物的共轨柴油发动机影响的计算流体动力学分析
进气门关闭(IVC)正时在发动机燃烧中起着至关重要的作用,影响着发动机的性能和排放。本研究试图测量正丁醇(Bu)及其与纯柴油的混合物在共轨直喷(CRDI)发动机中的使用潜力。通过计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟来估算正丁醇-柴油混合物(体积分数为 0%-30% )在可变气门正时下的性能、燃烧和废气排放特性。为了验证 CFD 模型(ESE AVL FIRE),使用标准气门正时和混合气进行了实验研究。验证后,采用 CFD 模型研究不同正丁醇-柴油混合物的可变气门时间的影响。采用扩展相干火焰模型-3 区(ECFM-3Z)进行燃烧分析,并采用 kappa-zeta-f (k-ζ-f) 模型进行湍流建模。在标准状态下改变进气门关闭(IVC)时间(提前和延后),可获得优化的气门正时。提前 IVC 时间可减少滞留空气量,从而降低压缩过程中的气缸压力。与 Bu0 相比,Bu10、Bu20 和 Bu30 的制动热效率(BTE)分别提高了 4.5%、6% 和 8%。根据 BTE,Bu0 的最佳喷射时间为上死点(BTDC)前 12°,Bu10、Bu20 和 Bu30 的最佳喷射时间为上死点(BTDC)前 15°。由于完全燃烧,氮氧化物(NOx)排放量增加。由于采用了 IVC 正时,一氧化碳和烟尘的进一步形成随混合燃料的增加而减少,影响不大。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Energy Research
Frontiers in Energy Research Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics and Econometrics
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
11.80%
发文量
1727
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Energy Research makes use of the unique Frontiers platform for open-access publishing and research networking for scientists, which provides an equal opportunity to seek, share and create knowledge. The mission of Frontiers is to place publishing back in the hands of working scientists and to promote an interactive, fair, and efficient review process. Articles are peer-reviewed according to the Frontiers review guidelines, which evaluate manuscripts on objective editorial criteria
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