The vices and virtues of medical models of obesity

IF 8 2区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Obesity Reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.1111/obr.13828
Jonathan Sholl, Andreas De Block
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Abstract

SummaryDespite numerous public health organizations supporting the pathologization of obesity and considering recent obesity rates a health crisis, many researchers in the humanities, social sciences, and even in the health sciences remain unconvinced. In this paper, we address a set of arguments coming from these academic fields that criticize medical models of obesity for their supposedly flawed diagnostic categories that shift focus onto individuals and support moralizing judgements. Clarifying some key claims in these models and explicating the view of obesity in terms of energy dysregulation, we aim to tease apart misunderstandings and argue that not only do these models not say what they are often accused of saying, but their apparent vices may actually be virtues in helping to combat stigma. Building on the social psychology of stigma and disease labeling, we then suggest that current medical models are largely supportive of many moral and political aims promoted by critics of these models.
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肥胖症医学模式的弊端与优点
摘要尽管许多公共卫生组织支持将肥胖病理化,并认为最近的肥胖率是一场健康危机,但许多人文、社会科学甚至健康科学领域的研究人员仍然不以为然。在本文中,我们将讨论来自这些学术领域的一系列论点,这些论点批评肥胖症的医学模式,认为其诊断类别存在缺陷,将焦点转移到了个人身上,支持道德化的判断。我们澄清了这些模型中的一些关键主张,并从能量调节失调的角度解释了肥胖症的观点,我们的目的是消除误解,并认为这些模型不仅没有说出它们经常被指责的内容,而且它们表面上的缺点实际上可能是有助于消除成见的优点。在污名化和疾病标签的社会心理学基础上,我们提出,当前的医学模式在很大程度上支持这些模式的批评者所倡导的许多道德和政治目标。
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来源期刊
Obesity Reviews
Obesity Reviews 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
19.30
自引率
1.10%
发文量
130
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Obesity Reviews is a monthly journal publishing reviews on all disciplines related to obesity and its comorbidities. This includes basic and behavioral sciences, clinical treatment and outcomes, epidemiology, prevention and public health. The journal should, therefore, appeal to all professionals with an interest in obesity and its comorbidities. Review types may include systematic narrative reviews, quantitative meta-analyses and narrative reviews but all must offer new insights, critical or novel perspectives that will enhance the state of knowledge in the field. The editorial policy is to publish high quality peer-reviewed manuscripts that provide needed new insight into all aspects of obesity and its related comorbidities while minimizing the period between submission and publication.
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