{"title":"Rational design of the temperature-responsive nonflammable electrolyte for safe lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Zi Ye, Chen-chen Zheng, Zhi-jie Tan, Zhejun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103790","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of nonflammable electrolytes is critical for breaking the trade-off between the safety and energy density in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, a rational design strategy of temperature-responsive nonflammable electrolytes (TRNEs) is proposed which are capable to prevent the heat accumulation and extinguish the fire efficiently during thermal runaway. Compared to the conventional phosphate- or halogen-based flame retardants, the TRNE based on low-cost and multifunctional methylurea (MU) was demonstrated with the lowest volatility (11.6 % weight loss) below 250 °C, and the highest efficacy to extinguish the fire at >210.4 °C through heat absorption, inert gases generation and char layer formation. In addition, the developed MU-based TRNEs enable higher stability and rate capability of LIBs compared to various nonflammable electrolytes. A Li||LiFePO<sub>4</sub> (LFP) cell employing MU-based TRNE achieved higher stability (94.9 % capacity retention for 1500 cycles) than commercial electrolyte. A Ni-rich Li||LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NMC811) system was demonstrated with superior rate capability and high stability for 700 cycles (2.72 months) with the capacity retention of 89.9 %. Combining low cost and volatility, as well as high stability, rate capability and fire extinguishing efficacy, we demonstrate a promising design strategy to improve the battery safety for high-energy-density LIBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Energy Storage Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103790","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The development of nonflammable electrolytes is critical for breaking the trade-off between the safety and energy density in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Here, a rational design strategy of temperature-responsive nonflammable electrolytes (TRNEs) is proposed which are capable to prevent the heat accumulation and extinguish the fire efficiently during thermal runaway. Compared to the conventional phosphate- or halogen-based flame retardants, the TRNE based on low-cost and multifunctional methylurea (MU) was demonstrated with the lowest volatility (11.6 % weight loss) below 250 °C, and the highest efficacy to extinguish the fire at >210.4 °C through heat absorption, inert gases generation and char layer formation. In addition, the developed MU-based TRNEs enable higher stability and rate capability of LIBs compared to various nonflammable electrolytes. A Li||LiFePO4 (LFP) cell employing MU-based TRNE achieved higher stability (94.9 % capacity retention for 1500 cycles) than commercial electrolyte. A Ni-rich Li||LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) system was demonstrated with superior rate capability and high stability for 700 cycles (2.72 months) with the capacity retention of 89.9 %. Combining low cost and volatility, as well as high stability, rate capability and fire extinguishing efficacy, we demonstrate a promising design strategy to improve the battery safety for high-energy-density LIBs.
期刊介绍:
Energy Storage Materials is a global interdisciplinary journal dedicated to sharing scientific and technological advancements in materials and devices for advanced energy storage and related energy conversion, such as in metal-O2 batteries. The journal features comprehensive research articles, including full papers and short communications, as well as authoritative feature articles and reviews by leading experts in the field.
Energy Storage Materials covers a wide range of topics, including the synthesis, fabrication, structure, properties, performance, and technological applications of energy storage materials. Additionally, the journal explores strategies, policies, and developments in the field of energy storage materials and devices for sustainable energy.
Published papers are selected based on their scientific and technological significance, their ability to provide valuable new knowledge, and their relevance to the international research community.