Analytical model of a Hall thruster

IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS Physics of Plasmas Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI:10.1063/5.0220130
Trevor Lafleur, Pascal Chabert
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Abstract

Hall thrusters are one of the most successful and prevalent electric propulsion systems for spacecraft in use today. However, they are also complex devices and their unique E×B configuration makes modeling of the underlying plasma discharge challenging. In this work, a steady-state model of a Hall thruster is developed and a complete analytical solution presented that is shown to be in reasonable agreement with experimental measurements. A characterization of the discharge shows that the peak plasma density and ionization rate nearly coincide and both occur upstream of the peak electric field. The peak locations also shift as the thruster operating conditions are varied. Three key similarity parameters emerge that govern the plasma discharge and which are connected via a thruster current–voltage relation: a normalized discharge current, a normalized discharge voltage, and an amalgamated parameter, α¯, that contains all system geometric and magnetic field information. For a given normalized discharge voltage, the similarity parameter α¯ must lie within a certain range to enable high thruster performance. When applied to a krypton thruster, the model shows that both the propellant mass flow rate and the magnetic field strength must be simultaneously adjusted to achieve similar efficiency to a xenon thruster (for the same thruster geometry, discharge voltage, and power level).
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霍尔推进器的分析模型
霍尔推进器是目前使用的最成功、最普遍的航天器电力推进系统之一。然而,霍尔推进器也是一种复杂的设备,其独特的 E×B 配置使得底层等离子体放电的建模具有挑战性。在这项工作中,我们建立了霍尔推进器的稳态模型,并给出了完整的分析解决方案,结果表明与实验测量结果非常吻合。放电特征显示,等离子体密度峰值和电离率峰值几乎重合,并且都出现在电场峰值的上游。随着推进器工作条件的变化,峰值位置也会发生变化。等离子体放电有三个关键的相似性参数,它们通过推进器电流-电压关系相互连接:归一化放电电流、归一化放电电压和包含所有系统几何和磁场信息的综合参数 α¯。对于给定的归一化放电电压,相似度参数 α¯ 必须在一定范围内,才能实现较高的推进器性能。当应用于氪推进器时,模型显示推进剂质量流量和磁场强度必须同时调整,才能达到与氙推进器相似的效率(对于相同的推进器几何形状、放电电压和功率水平)。
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来源期刊
Physics of Plasmas
Physics of Plasmas 物理-物理:流体与等离子体
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
22.70%
发文量
653
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Physics of Plasmas (PoP), published by AIP Publishing in cooperation with the APS Division of Plasma Physics, is committed to the publication of original research in all areas of experimental and theoretical plasma physics. PoP publishes comprehensive and in-depth review manuscripts covering important areas of study and Special Topics highlighting new and cutting-edge developments in plasma physics. Every year a special issue publishes the invited and review papers from the most recent meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics. PoP covers a broad range of important research in this dynamic field, including: -Basic plasma phenomena, waves, instabilities -Nonlinear phenomena, turbulence, transport -Magnetically confined plasmas, heating, confinement -Inertially confined plasmas, high-energy density plasma science, warm dense matter -Ionospheric, solar-system, and astrophysical plasmas -Lasers, particle beams, accelerators, radiation generation -Radiation emission, absorption, and transport -Low-temperature plasmas, plasma applications, plasma sources, sheaths -Dusty plasmas
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