Molecular analysis of canine distemper virus H gene in the golden jackal (Canis aureus) population from Serbia.

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES BMC Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI:10.1186/s12917-024-04284-5
Dimitrije Glišić, Milica Kuručki, Duško Ćirović, Sofija Šolaja, Jovan Mirčeta, Vesna Milićević
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Abstract

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease affecting wild and domesticated carnivores. The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus from the genus Morbillivirus and the family Paramyxoviridae. While domestic dogs are the most common hosts, the virus poses a significant threat to endangered wildlife due to its broad host range. This study aimed to characterize the CDV Haemagglutinin (H) gene in golden jackals and explore the molecular evolution of the virus in an underrepresented host. A total of 88 brain samples from hunted golden jackals were tested for the presence of CDV viral nucleic acid, and the H gene of positive samples was amplified and sequenced using the Sanger method. Phylogenetic analysis, conducted using maximum likelihood methods, revealed that all Serbian sequences clustered within the Arctic lineage. Notably, the analysis identified a tyrosine (Y) at position 549 of the H protein, a mutation commonly associated with wildlife hosts, instead of the histidine (H) typically found in domestic strains. Additionally, a mutation at position 310 was observed, which could potentially affect the protein's function and virus-host interactions. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of CDV in golden jackals, with broader implications for understanding the virus's adaptability to different hosts. Further research is needed to investigate the functional impact of these mutations, particularly their role in vaccine efficacy and disease transmission across wildlife and domestic species.

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塞尔维亚金豺种群中犬瘟病毒 H 基因的分子分析。
犬瘟热病毒(CDV)是一种影响野生和驯化食肉动物的高度传染性疾病,通常会导致死亡。该病毒是 Morbillivirus 属 Paramyxoviridae 科的一种单链 RNA 病毒。虽然家犬是最常见的宿主,但由于其宿主范围广泛,该病毒对濒危野生动物构成了重大威胁。本研究旨在确定 CDV 血凝素(H)基因在金毛豺中的特性,并探索该病毒在代表性不足的宿主中的分子进化。本研究共检测了 88 份被猎杀的金毛豺脑样本,以检测是否存在 CDV 病毒核酸,并采用 Sanger 方法对阳性样本的 H 基因进行了扩增和测序。使用最大似然法进行的系统发生分析表明,所有塞尔维亚序列都属于北极系。值得注意的是,分析发现在 H 蛋白的 549 位有一个酪氨酸(Y)突变,而不是家畜菌株中常见的组氨酸(H)突变,这是野生动物宿主常见的突变。此外,在第 310 位还发现了一个突变,这可能会影响蛋白质的功能和病毒与宿主的相互作用。这些发现为了解金毛豺CDV的遗传多样性和进化动态提供了宝贵的见解,对理解病毒对不同宿主的适应性具有更广泛的意义。还需要进一步研究这些突变的功能影响,特别是它们在疫苗效力和疾病在野生动物和家畜物种间传播中的作用。
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来源期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
420
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.
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