Accumulation of perceived discrimination over time and likelihood of probable mental health problems in UK adults: A longitudinal cohort study.

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Journal of affective disorders Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.128

Rosanna May Maletta, Michael Daly, Rob Noonan, I Gusti Ngurah Edi Putra, Victoria Vass, Eric Robinson

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Abstract

Background: Limited research has examined whether accumulation of discrimination over time is associated with worse mental health and whether such experiences are related to socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: A sample of UK adults with self-reported discrimination experiences (n = 3863) was taken from three waves of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (2015-2020). Multinomial logistic regression assessed associations between SES (income, education, occupation) and cumulative discrimination (number of timepoints discrimination was reported). Logistic regression models assessed prospective associations between cumulative discrimination and probable mental health problems (GHQ-12; 4+ threshold).

Results: Those with lower income were more likely to report discrimination at one timepoint (vs. none). No SES measures were associated with experiencing discrimination at multiple timepoints. Participants who reported one timepoint of discrimination (vs. no experiences) were significantly more likely to report probable mental health problems (OR = 1.47, p < .001, 95% CI 1.20-1.80). Moreover, compared to those experiencing one timepoint, participants reporting multiple timepoints of discrimination were significantly more likely to report probable mental health problems (OR = 1.46, p = .002, 95% CI 1.15-1.86), indicating a cumulative association between discrimination and mental health. There was limited evidence that SES moderated this cumulative association.

Limitations: Mental health measures were based on self-report questionnaires and not a clinical diagnosis.

Conclusions: Amongst a sample of UK adults, perceiving discrimination at multiple timepoints increased the likelihood of experiencing probable mental health problems. There was limited evidence that this cumulative association differed by SES. National measures designed to reduce discrimination may benefit mental health.

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英国成年人感知到的歧视随着时间的推移而累积，并可能引发心理健康问题：纵向队列研究。

背景：有关长期积累的歧视是否会导致心理健康状况恶化以及这种经历是否与社会经济地位（SES）有关的研究十分有限：方法：从英国家庭纵向研究（2015-2020 年）的 3 个波次中抽取了有自我报告歧视经历的英国成年人样本（n = 3863）。多项式逻辑回归评估了社会经济地位（收入、教育、职业）与累积歧视（报告歧视的时间点数量）之间的关联。逻辑回归模型评估了累积性歧视与可能出现的心理健康问题（GHQ-12；4+阈值）之间的前瞻性关联：结果：收入较低的人更有可能在一个时间点报告受到歧视（与没有受到歧视相比）。没有任何 SES 指标与在多个时间点遭受歧视有关。报告在一个时间点受到歧视（与没有受到歧视相比）的参与者更有可能报告可能存在心理健康问题（OR = 1.47，p 局限性：心理健康测量基于自我报告问卷，而非临床诊断：在英国成年人样本中，在多个时间点感受到歧视会增加出现可能的心理健康问题的可能性。只有有限的证据表明，这种累积关联因社会经济地位而异。旨在减少歧视的国家措施可能有利于心理健康。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of affective disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

6.10%

发文量

1319

审稿时长

9.3 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Affective Disorders publishes papers concerned with affective disorders in the widest sense: depression, mania, mood spectrum, emotions and personality, anxiety and stress. It is interdisciplinary and aims to bring together different approaches for a diverse readership. Top quality papers will be accepted dealing with any aspect of affective disorders, including neuroimaging, cognitive neurosciences, genetics, molecular biology, experimental and clinical neurosciences, pharmacology, neuroimmunoendocrinology, intervention and treatment trials.