Lower-Quarter Y-Balance Test Differs by Age: Younger Athletes May Not Be Generalized to High School-Aged Counterparts.

IF 1.6 Q3 SPORT SCIENCES International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy Pub Date : 2024-08-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.26603/001c.120898
James J McGinley, Ben Randoing, Laura Saleem, Caroline Podvin, Henry B Ellis, Philip L Wilson, Sophia Ulman
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Abstract

Background: Given rising youth sport participation, 8 to 10-year-olds increasingly display comparable lower-extremity injury incidence to 11 to 17-year-olds and require effective return to sport criteria. One such criterion which quantifies dynamic stability is the Y-Balance Test (YBT), though it has not been validated in children under age 11.

Hypothesis/purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of 8 to 10-year-old patients on the YBT after lower-extremity injury and determine how these results compare to larger samples of age-grouped athletes within the validated 11 to 17-year-old range. It was hypothesized that 8 to 10-year-olds would display different normalized YBT distances compared to 11 to 17-year-olds.

Study design: Cross-sectional Study.

Methods: Patients (N=1093) aged 8 to 17 who presented to a pediatric sports medicine practice with a lower-extremity injury and completed the YBT between December 2015-May 2021 were included. Anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral YBT scores were collected at return-to-sport for affected and unaffected limbs. Scores were normalized to limb length, and composite scores were created. Between-limb differences were calculated in groups of ages 8-10, 11-12, 13-14, and 15-17. Groups were also evaluated for differences by sex.

Results: A rise in performance was observed in unaffected limb anterior reach from ages 8 to 10 years to 11 to 12 years followed by a subsequent significant decrease at older ages (p<0.001). Affected limb anterior reach differed between the youngest group and two oldest groups (p=0.004). Anterior and composite difference were significantly different between the oldest three groups (p=0.014 anterior; p=0.024 composite). No differences were observed between sexes in 8 to 10-year-olds, though 11 to 12-year-old females reached further during all eight distances. In the older three groups, males generally displayed greater between-limb differences.

Conclusion: YBT scores, specifically anterior reach, demonstrated inconsistency by age and sex across a large adolescent cohort. Existing return-to-sport standards should not be used with younger athletes, and individual validation is required.

Level of evidence: Level III.

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低季度 Y 平衡测试因年龄而异:年龄较小的运动员可能无法推广到高中年龄段的运动员。
背景:鉴于青少年参与体育运动的人数不断增加,8 至 10 岁儿童下肢受伤的发生率日益与 11 至 17 岁儿童相当,因此需要制定有效的重返运动场标准。假设/目的:本研究的目的是检查 8 至 10 岁患者在下肢受伤后在 YBT 中的表现,并确定这些结果如何与 11 至 17 岁年龄组运动员的更大样本进行比较。研究假设:与 11-17 岁的青少年相比,8-10 岁的青少年将表现出不同的标准化 YBT 距离:研究设计:横断面研究:纳入2015年12月至2021年5月期间因下肢受伤到儿科运动医学诊所就诊并完成YBT的8至17岁患者(N=1093)。在恢复运动时收集患肢和未受影响肢体的前侧、后内侧和后外侧 YBT 分数。根据肢体长度对得分进行归一化处理,并创建综合得分。按 8-10 岁、11-12 岁、13-14 岁和 15-17 岁年龄组计算肢体间差异。同时还评估了各组的性别差异:结果:非受影响肢体的前伸能力在 8-10 岁至 11-12 岁期间有所提高,但在较大年龄段则显著下降(p):在一个庞大的青少年群体中,YBT 分数,特别是前伸能力,显示出不同年龄和性别的不一致性。现有的重返运动场标准不适用于年龄较小的运动员,需要进行个体验证:证据等级:III 级。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
5.90%
发文量
124
审稿时长
16 weeks
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