Analysis of factors affecting bone volume changes after immediate implantation in the maxillary central incisor.

Hu Yang, Ruiwen Shi, Yue Liu, Yilin Shi, Shengben Zhang, Jing Lan
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Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of immediate implantation of single maxillary central incisor and explore factors affecting post-implant bone volume.

Methods: Clinical data and imaging records from pre-surgery, the day of surgery, and 6 months post-surgery of 100 patients (100 implants) with non-salvageable maxillary central incisors who underwent immediate implantation were collected. Bone thickness at the cervical, middle, and apical regions of the implant's labial and palatal sides were measured immediately post-surgery and at 6 months, and bone volume changes were observed. A regression analysis model was used to assess predictive factors for labial and palatal bone plate thickness.

Results: At 6 months post-surgery, the labial bone thicknesses at the cervical, middle, and apical regions were 2.35, 2.29, and 3.28 mm, respectively, and those of the palatal side were 0.00, 2.40, and 6.05 mm, respectively. The cervical region had the highest alveolar crest collapse rates, with 32.87% on the labial side and 62.20% on the palatal side. The regression model indicated that factors influencing the thickness of bone at the cervical labial side of the implant included initial bone thickness, the implant center to adjacent tooth center angle, implant diameter, and the type of implant closure (P<0.05). The initial bone thickness on the palatal side was the sole predictor for bone thickness on the palatal side (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Immediate implantation of single maxillary central incisors yields effective clinical results. The thickness of new bone around the implant is influenced by multiple factors. A comprehensive consideration of these factors in the planning of immediate implantation is necessary to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.

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上颌中切牙即刻种植术后骨量变化的影响因素分析。
研究目的本研究旨在评估单颗上颌中切牙即刻种植的临床效果,并探讨影响种植体术后骨量的因素:收集了 100 名接受即刻种植的不可修复上颌中切牙患者(100 个种植体)的术前、术中和术后 6 个月的临床数据和影像记录。术后即刻和 6 个月时测量了种植体唇侧和腭侧颈部、中部和顶部的骨厚度,并观察了骨量的变化。使用回归分析模型评估唇侧和腭侧骨板厚度的预测因素:结果:术后 6 个月时,颈部、中部和顶部的唇骨厚度分别为 2.35 毫米、2.29 毫米和 3.28 毫米,腭侧的唇骨厚度分别为 0.00 毫米、2.40 毫米和 6.05 毫米。颈区的牙槽嵴塌陷率最高,唇侧为 32.87%,腭侧为 62.20%。回归模型显示,影响种植体颈唇侧骨厚度的因素包括初始骨厚度、种植体中心与邻牙中心的角度、种植体直径以及种植体封闭类型(PPConclusions:上颌单颗中切牙即刻种植能产生有效的临床效果。种植体周围新骨的厚度受多种因素影响。在规划即刻种植时,有必要综合考虑这些因素,以达到最佳治疗效果。
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