A comparative study of discharging and leaching of spent lithium-ion battery recycling

IF 4.9 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109012
{"title":"A comparative study of discharging and leaching of spent lithium-ion battery recycling","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2024.109012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerated production of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) implies an increase in the raw materials demand, especially for metals like lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Spent LIBs recycling guarantees the regeneration and reincorporation of valuable materials into the manufacturing industry; therefore, recycling methods and techniques must be optimized. In this investigation, alkaline and reductive acid leaching processes were evaluated and compared in order to determine the effect of parameters such as pH, temperature, and reagents concentrations to achieve selective leaching processes. This study demonstrated that strongly alkaline solutions (NaOH) do not ensure selective lithium and aluminum dissolution. Also, a solid compound, <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>i</mi><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> can be formed at pH ∼14, negatively affecting the lithium extraction. On the other hand, reductive acid leaching, with acid sulfuric and hydrazine sulfate (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) solutions resulted in an efficient system, extracting ≥90 % of Ni, Co, and Mn at 40 °C. Hydrazine is essential as a reductant, although it must be added in excess (40 % excess with respect to the Co, Ni, and Mn content) to suppress copper dissolution. Furthermore, this work demonstrated the possibility of processing the entire spent LIBs sample once the discharge and crushing stages were concluded, avoiding physical separation, without affecting the leaching efficiency and contributing to process economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Minerals Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0892687524004412","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Accelerated production of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) implies an increase in the raw materials demand, especially for metals like lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Spent LIBs recycling guarantees the regeneration and reincorporation of valuable materials into the manufacturing industry; therefore, recycling methods and techniques must be optimized. In this investigation, alkaline and reductive acid leaching processes were evaluated and compared in order to determine the effect of parameters such as pH, temperature, and reagents concentrations to achieve selective leaching processes. This study demonstrated that strongly alkaline solutions (NaOH) do not ensure selective lithium and aluminum dissolution. Also, a solid compound, LiAl2(OH)6OH(s) can be formed at pH ∼14, negatively affecting the lithium extraction. On the other hand, reductive acid leaching, with acid sulfuric and hydrazine sulfate (H2SO4 + N2H6SO4) solutions resulted in an efficient system, extracting ≥90 % of Ni, Co, and Mn at 40 °C. Hydrazine is essential as a reductant, although it must be added in excess (40 % excess with respect to the Co, Ni, and Mn content) to suppress copper dissolution. Furthermore, this work demonstrated the possibility of processing the entire spent LIBs sample once the discharge and crushing stages were concluded, avoiding physical separation, without affecting the leaching efficiency and contributing to process economy.

Abstract Image

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
废锂离子电池回收的放电和浸出比较研究
锂离子电池(LIB)的加速生产意味着原材料需求的增加,尤其是对锂、钴和镍等金属的需求。废旧锂离子电池的回收可确保宝贵材料的再生和重新融入制造业;因此,必须优化回收方法和技术。本研究对碱性和还原性酸浸出工艺进行了评估和比较,以确定 pH 值、温度和试剂浓度等参数对实现选择性浸出工艺的影响。研究表明,强碱性溶液(NaOH)并不能确保锂和铝的选择性溶解。此外,在 pH ∼ 14 时会形成固体化合物 LiAl2(OH)6OH(s),对提锂产生负面影响。另一方面,使用酸性硫酸和硫酸肼(H2SO4 + N2H6SO4)溶液进行还原性酸浸出,可形成一个高效的系统,在 40 °C 时提取出≥90% 的镍、钴和锰。肼作为还原剂是必不可少的,但必须加入过量(相对于钴、镍和锰的含量,过量为 40%)以抑制铜的溶解。此外,这项工作还证明了在卸料和粉碎阶段结束后对整个废 LIBs 样品进行处理的可能性,从而避免了物理分离,同时不影响浸出效率并有助于提高工艺经济性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Minerals Engineering
Minerals Engineering 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
18.80%
发文量
519
审稿时长
81 days
期刊介绍: The purpose of the journal is to provide for the rapid publication of topical papers featuring the latest developments in the allied fields of mineral processing and extractive metallurgy. Its wide ranging coverage of research and practical (operating) topics includes physical separation methods, such as comminution, flotation concentration and dewatering, chemical methods such as bio-, hydro-, and electro-metallurgy, analytical techniques, process control, simulation and instrumentation, and mineralogical aspects of processing. Environmental issues, particularly those pertaining to sustainable development, will also be strongly covered.
期刊最新文献
Energy release and disaster-causing mechanism of ore-pillar combination Forms of rare earth loss and the function mechanism of acetic acid in the aluminum removal process of rare earth leaching liquor Preparation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings/quartz sand monolithic composite and photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B Editorial Board Enhanced rare earth alkali cake washing and alkaline wastewater disposal via mineral phase transformation and ultrasound
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1