Differences in motivational dynamics between experienced cyclists and untrained participants during an incremental endurance exercise task

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Psychology of Sport and Exercise Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102753

Izzy. G. Wellings, Richard Ferguson, Ian M. Taylor

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Abstract

Purpose

The conflict between the desire to reduce effort during exercise and the performance goal of the exercise task contributes to explaining endurance exercise performance. However, whether the trajectories of these two motivational responses systematically differ across individuals with different characteristics is poorly understood. The present study examined whether changes in desire to reduce effort and performance goal value across moderate, heavy, and severe exercise intensity domains differed between cyclists and untrained, but active participants.

Methods

Fifty participants (14 cyclists and 36 untrained) completed an incremental step test on a cycle ergometer, in which work rate was increased by 25 W every 4 min until voluntary exhaustion. Desire to reduce effort, performance goal value, and blood lactate concentration (for determination of exercise intensity domains) were measured every 4 min and the data were analysed using multilevel modelling.

Results

Desire to reduce effort increased quicker for untrained participants in the moderate exercise intensity domain (b = 1.66, p < .001) and across the whole trial (b = 1.64, p < .001), compared to cyclists (b = .69, and b = 1.14, respectively, both p < .001). Untrained participants reported similar performance goal value at the beginning of the trial (b = 16.02, p < .001), compared to cyclists (b = 17.25, p < .001). Beyond moderate intensities, the performance goal value decreased significantly for the untrained participants (b = −.70, p < .001) but significantly increased for cyclists (b = .45, p = .01). This pattern was also observed when focusing solely on the severe intensity domain (cyclists: b = .90, p < .001; untrained: b = −.84, p < .001).

Conclusion

There are distinct differences in the desire to reduce effort and performance goal value between cyclists and untrained athletes. Identifying these systematic differences enhances the credibility of the desire-goal conflict framework in explaining endurance performance and provides insight into the type and timing of interventions that might be successful in improving performance.

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经验丰富的自行车运动员和未经训练的参与者在增量耐力锻炼任务中的动力差异。

目的：在运动过程中减少努力的愿望与运动任务的成绩目标之间的冲突有助于解释耐力运动成绩。然而，对于这两种动机反应的轨迹在不同特征的个体之间是否存在系统性差异却知之甚少。本研究考察了在中等、大强度和剧烈运动强度领域中，自行车运动员和未经训练但活跃的参与者在减少努力的愿望和成绩目标值方面的变化是否存在差异：方法：50 名参与者（14 名骑车者和 36 名未受过训练者）在自行车测力计上完成了增量步速测试，每 4 分钟增加 25 瓦特，直到自愿力竭。每四分钟测量一次减力欲望、成绩目标值和血液乳酸浓度（用于确定运动强度域），并使用多层次模型对数据进行分析：在中等运动强度领域（b = 1.66，p < .001）和整个试验过程中（b = 1.64，p < .001），与骑自行车者相比（b = 0.69 和 b = 1.14，均 p < .001），未经训练的参与者减少努力的愿望增加得更快。与自行车运动员相比（b = 17.25，p < .001），未受过训练的参与者在试验开始时的成绩目标值较低（b = 16.02，p < .001）。超过中等强度后，未经训练的参与者的成绩目标值明显下降（b = -.70，p < .001），但骑自行车者的成绩目标值明显上升（b = .45，p = .01）。当只关注严重强度领域时，也观察到了这种模式（骑车者：b = .90，p < .001；未受过训练者：b = -.84，p < .001）：结论：自行车运动员和未经训练的运动员在减少努力的愿望和成绩目标值方面存在明显差异。确定这些系统性差异可提高欲望-目标冲突框架在解释耐力表现方面的可信度，并为可能成功提高表现的干预类型和时机提供启示。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychology of Sport and Exercise 医学-心理学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

172

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： Psychology of Sport and Exercise is an international forum for scholarly reports in the psychology of sport and exercise, broadly defined. The journal is open to the use of diverse methodological approaches. Manuscripts that will be considered for publication will present results from high quality empirical research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, commentaries concerning already published PSE papers or topics of general interest for PSE readers, protocol papers for trials, and reports of professional practice (which will need to demonstrate academic rigour and go beyond mere description). The CONSORT guidelines consort-statement need to be followed for protocol papers for trials; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the CONSORT checklist. For meta-analysis, the PRISMA prisma-statement guidelines should be followed; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the PRISMA checklist. For systematic reviews it is recommended that the PRISMA guidelines are followed, although it is not compulsory. Authors interested in submitting replications of published studies need to contact the Editors-in-Chief before they start their replication. We are not interested in manuscripts that aim to test the psychometric properties of an existing scale from English to another language, unless new validation methods are used which address previously unanswered research questions.