{"title":"Hydrogen Sulfide and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Synergistically Enhance Drought Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)","authors":"Cengiz Kaya, Ferhat Uğurlar","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70007","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enhancing crop drought tolerance is crucial for food security amid climate change. This study examines how 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) can improve drought resilience in tomato plants, which are essential for sustainable food production. Drought stress was induced using 12% PEG-6000. Plants were pre-treated with 25 mg L<sup>−1</sup> ALA and 0.1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> hypotaurine (HT), followed by 0.2 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment to assess the effects on plant physiological effects over 10 days. Drought stress reduced plant dry weight, chlorophylls (<i>a</i> and <i>b</i>), <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub>, leaf water potential, and relative water content, while increasing glycine betaine (GB) and proline levels. Additionally, drought stress elevated NADPH oxidase (NOX) and glycolate oxidase (GOX) activities, inducing oxidative stress and membrane damage. ALA and NaHS enhanced plant growth, photosynthesis, proline, GB, ALA content, ATP synthase, and ATPase activities, while mitigating NOX and GOX activities, thereby reducing <span></span><math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msubsup>\n <mi>O</mi>\n <mn>2</mn>\n <mrow>\n <mo>·</mo>\n <mo>−</mo>\n </mrow>\n </msubsup>\n </mrow>\n <annotation>$$ {\\mathrm{O}}_2^{\\cdotp -} $$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> radicals. ALA alone boosted L-DES activity, promoting H<sub>2</sub>S accumulation. However, ALA + HT reduced H<sub>2</sub>S levels, compromising ALA's efficacy. NaHS with ALA + HT reinstated positive effects by restoring H<sub>2</sub>S levels. Biochemical assays confirmed ALA and NaHS promoted H<sub>2</sub>S accumulation, bolstering antioxidants, mitigating lipid peroxidation, suggesting their drought resilience potential in tomatoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70007","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Food and Energy Security","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fes3.70007","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Enhancing crop drought tolerance is crucial for food security amid climate change. This study examines how 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can improve drought resilience in tomato plants, which are essential for sustainable food production. Drought stress was induced using 12% PEG-6000. Plants were pre-treated with 25 mg L−1 ALA and 0.1 mg L−1 hypotaurine (HT), followed by 0.2 mM sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) treatment to assess the effects on plant physiological effects over 10 days. Drought stress reduced plant dry weight, chlorophylls (a and b), Fv/Fm, leaf water potential, and relative water content, while increasing glycine betaine (GB) and proline levels. Additionally, drought stress elevated NADPH oxidase (NOX) and glycolate oxidase (GOX) activities, inducing oxidative stress and membrane damage. ALA and NaHS enhanced plant growth, photosynthesis, proline, GB, ALA content, ATP synthase, and ATPase activities, while mitigating NOX and GOX activities, thereby reducing and H2O2 radicals. ALA alone boosted L-DES activity, promoting H2S accumulation. However, ALA + HT reduced H2S levels, compromising ALA's efficacy. NaHS with ALA + HT reinstated positive effects by restoring H2S levels. Biochemical assays confirmed ALA and NaHS promoted H2S accumulation, bolstering antioxidants, mitigating lipid peroxidation, suggesting their drought resilience potential in tomatoes.
期刊介绍：
Food and Energy Security seeks to publish high quality and high impact original research on agricultural crop and forest productivity to improve food and energy security. It actively seeks submissions from emerging countries with expanding agricultural research communities. Papers from China, other parts of Asia, India and South America are particularly welcome. The Editorial Board, headed by Editor-in-Chief Professor Martin Parry, is determined to make FES the leading publication in its sector and will be aiming for a top-ranking impact factor.
Primary research articles should report hypothesis driven investigations that provide new insights into mechanisms and processes that determine productivity and properties for exploitation. Review articles are welcome but they must be critical in approach and provide particularly novel and far reaching insights.
Food and Energy Security offers authors a forum for the discussion of the most important advances in this field and promotes an integrative approach of scientific disciplines. Papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge.
Examples of areas covered in Food and Energy Security include:
• Agronomy
• Biotechnological Approaches
• Breeding & Genetics
• Climate Change
• Quality and Composition
• Food Crops and Bioenergy Feedstocks
• Developmental, Physiology and Biochemistry
• Functional Genomics
• Molecular Biology
• Pest and Disease Management
• Post Harvest Biology
• Soil Science
• Systems Biology
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