Hearing Impairment: Reduced Pupil Dilation Response and Frontal Activation During Degraded Speech Perception.

IF 2.2 2区医学 Q1 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Epub Date: 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00017

Adriana A Zekveld, Sophia E Kramer, Dirk J Heslenfeld, Niek J Versfeld, Chris Vriend

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Abstract

Purpose: A relevant aspect of listening is the effort required during speech processing, which can be assessed by pupillometry. Here, we assessed the pupil dilation response of normal-hearing (NH) and hard of hearing (HH) individuals during listening to clear sentences and masked or degraded sentences. We combined this assessment with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of the pupil dilation response.

Method: Seventeen NH participants (M_age = 46 years) were compared to 17 HH participants (M_age = 45 years) who were individually matched in age and educational level. Participants repeated sentences that were presented clearly, that were distorted, or that were masked. The sentence intelligibility level of masked and distorted sentences was 50% correct. Silent baseline trials were presented as well. Performance measures, pupil dilation responses, and fMRI data were acquired.

Results: HH individuals had overall poorer speech reception than the NH participants, but not for noise-vocoded speech. In addition, an interaction effect was observed with smaller pupil dilation responses in HH than in NH listeners for the degraded speech conditions. Hearing impairment was associated with higher activation across conditions in the left superior temporal gyrus, as compared to the silent baseline. However, the region of interest analysis indicated lower activation during degraded speech relative to clear speech in bilateral frontal regions and the insular cortex, for HH compared to NH listeners. Hearing impairment was also associated with a weaker relation between the pupil response and activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus. Overall, degraded speech evoked higher frontal activation than clear speech.

Conclusion: Brain areas associated with attentional and cognitive-control processes may be increasingly recruited when speech is degraded and are related to the pupil dilation response, but this relationship is weaker in HH listeners.

Supplemental material: https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27162135.

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听力障碍：语音感知能力下降时的瞳孔扩张反应和额叶激活减少。

目的：听力的一个相关方面是语音处理过程中所需的努力，这可以通过瞳孔测量进行评估。在此，我们评估了听力正常（NH）和听力困难（HH）的人在听清晰句子和遮蔽或降级句子时的瞳孔放大反应。我们将这一评估与功能磁共振成像（fMRI）相结合，研究瞳孔放大反应的神经相关性：我们将 17 名 NH 参与者（年龄 = 46 岁）与 17 名 HH 参与者（年龄 = 45 岁）进行了比较，后者在年龄和教育程度上都是匹配的。受试者重复清晰呈现、扭曲呈现或被遮蔽的句子。被遮蔽和扭曲的句子的正确率为 50%。同时还进行无声基线试验。测试结果、瞳孔放大反应和 fMRI 数据均已获得：结果：与正常人相比，高危人群对语音的接收能力总体较差，但对噪声编码语音的接收能力则不尽相同。此外，在降级语音条件下，HH 听者的瞳孔放大反应小于 NH 听者，这表明存在交互效应。与无声基线相比，听力障碍与左侧颞上回的高激活相关。然而，兴趣区分析表明，在降级语音中，与清晰语音相比，HH 听者的双侧额叶区和岛叶皮层的激活程度较低，而 NH 听者的双侧额叶区和岛叶皮层的激活程度较高。听力障碍还与瞳孔反应和右侧额叶下回激活之间的关系较弱有关。总体而言，退化的语音比清晰的语音引起更高的额叶激活：结论：当语音降级时，与注意力和认知控制过程相关的脑区可能会被更多地调用，并且与瞳孔放大反应相关，但这种关系在高听力障碍听者中更弱。补充材料：https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27162135。

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来源期刊

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY-REHABILITATION

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

19.20%

发文量

538

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Mission: JSLHR publishes peer-reviewed research and other scholarly articles on the normal and disordered processes in speech, language, hearing, and related areas such as cognition, oral-motor function, and swallowing. The journal is an international outlet for both basic research on communication processes and clinical research pertaining to screening, diagnosis, and management of communication disorders as well as the etiologies and characteristics of these disorders. JSLHR seeks to advance evidence-based practice by disseminating the results of new studies as well as providing a forum for critical reviews and meta-analyses of previously published work. Scope: The broad field of communication sciences and disorders, including speech production and perception; anatomy and physiology of speech and voice; genetics, biomechanics, and other basic sciences pertaining to human communication; mastication and swallowing; speech disorders; voice disorders; development of speech, language, or hearing in children; normal language processes; language disorders; disorders of hearing and balance; psychoacoustics; and anatomy and physiology of hearing.

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