Comparative impact of seed priming with zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulphate on biocompatibility, zinc uptake, germination, seedling vitality, and antioxidant modulation in groundnut

IF 2.1 4区材料科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Nanoparticle Research Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1007/s11051-024-06141-w

M. N. Ashwini, H. P. Gajera, Darshna G. Hirpara, Disha D. Savaliya, U. K. Kandoliya

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Abstract

Nanotechnology has transformative potential in agriculture by optimizing plant nutrient use. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were synthesized using ZnSO4.7H2O as a precursor. The synthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited a particle size of 63.60 nm, stability characterized by a zeta potential, and a semispherical agglomerated shape under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The purity of the nanomaterials was confirmed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). SEM-EDAX analysis of groundnut seeds primed with ZnO-NPs showed improved zinc adsorption and distribution compared to bulk ZnSO4, with no physical damage, indicating good biocompatibility. The small size and high surface area of the nanoparticles enhanced zinc uptake, as confirmed by higher zinc levels in ZnO-NP-treated seeds. ZnO-NP priming resulted in greater physio-biochemical responses, enhancing germination and the seedling vigor index at 10 days post-sowing. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated levels of chlorophyll, soluble protein, total soluble sugar, and free amino acid in the leaves of ZnO-NP-treated plants. Furthermore, ZnO-NP-treated groundnut seedlings exhibited significantly greater DPPH radical scavenging activity than control plants, indicating enhanced antioxidant potential. This study further explored the elevations in the levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT, ascorbate peroxidase-APX, guaiacol peroxidase-GPX and polyphenol oxidase-PPO) primed with ZnO-NPs to augment the hydration of seeds, increase antioxidant enzyme activity to neutralize reactive oxygen species, preserve cellular integrity, and promote overall plant health. These findings underscore the potential of ZnO-NPs as a sustainable nanotechnological approach for enhancing groundnut seed germination, seedling vigor, and stress tolerance, ultimately promoting crop growth and productivity.

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氧化锌纳米颗粒和硫酸锌对花生的生物相容性、锌吸收、发芽、幼苗活力和抗氧化调节作用的比较影响

通过优化植物养分的使用，纳米技术在农业领域具有变革潜力。本研究以 ZnSO4.7H2O 为前驱体合成了纳米氧化锌颗粒（ZnO-NPs）。合成的 ZnO-NPs 粒径为 63.60 nm，ZETA 电位表征其稳定性，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）下呈半球形团聚状。纳米材料的纯度通过能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDAX）得到了证实。对添加了 ZnO-NPs 的落花生种子进行的 SEM-EDAX 分析表明，与块状 ZnSO4 相比，锌的吸附和分布得到了改善，且无物理损伤，这表明其具有良好的生物相容性。ZnO-NP 处理过的种子中锌含量较高，这证实了纳米颗粒的小尺寸和高表面积增强了锌的吸收。ZnO-NP 引种产生了更大的生理生化反应，提高了播种后 10 天的发芽率和幼苗活力指数。生化分析表明，ZnO-NP 处理过的植物叶片中叶绿素、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性总糖和游离氨基酸的含量均有所提高。此外，ZnO-NP 处理过的落花生幼苗的 DPPH 自由基清除活性明显高于对照植株，表明其抗氧化潜力增强。本研究进一步探讨了用 ZnO-NPs 引物处理的抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶-SOD、过氧化氢酶-CAT、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶-APX、愈创木酚过氧化物酶-GPX 和多酚氧化酶-PPO）水平的提高，以增强种子的水合作用，提高抗氧化酶的活性，从而中和活性氧，保护细胞完整性，促进植物整体健康。这些发现强调了氧化锌-氮氧化物作为一种可持续的纳米技术方法在提高落花生种子萌发、幼苗活力和抗逆性方面的潜力，并最终促进作物生长和提高生产力。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nanoparticle Research 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

4.00%

发文量

198

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： The objective of the Journal of Nanoparticle Research is to disseminate knowledge of the physical, chemical and biological phenomena and processes in structures that have at least one lengthscale ranging from molecular to approximately 100 nm (or submicron in some situations), and exhibit improved and novel properties that are a direct result of their small size. Nanoparticle research is a key component of nanoscience, nanoengineering and nanotechnology. The focus of the Journal is on the specific concepts, properties, phenomena, and processes related to particles, tubes, layers, macromolecules, clusters and other finite structures of the nanoscale size range. Synthesis, assembly, transport, reactivity, and stability of such structures are considered. Development of in-situ and ex-situ instrumentation for characterization of nanoparticles and their interfaces should be based on new principles for probing properties and phenomena not well understood at the nanometer scale. Modeling and simulation may include atom-based quantum mechanics; molecular dynamics; single-particle, multi-body and continuum based models; fractals; other methods suitable for modeling particle synthesis, assembling and interaction processes. Realization and application of systems, structures and devices with novel functions obtained via precursor nanoparticles is emphasized. Approaches may include gas-, liquid-, solid-, and vacuum-based processes, size reduction, chemical- and bio-self assembly. Contributions include utilization of nanoparticle systems for enhancing a phenomenon or process and particle assembling into hierarchical structures, as well as formulation and the administration of drugs. Synergistic approaches originating from different disciplines and technologies, and interaction between the research providers and users in this field, are encouraged.