Journal of Nanoparticle Research最新文献

In order to enhance the physical properties of water-based polyacrylate varnishes, a green-modified water-based nano-Al₂O₃ dispersion was successfully prepared by regulating the content of anti-sedimentation dispersant under the condition of ultrasonication. The results prove that the prepared water-based nano-Al₂O₃ dispersion is obtained under the condition of 0.4 wt% anti-sedimentation dispersant and 0.5 h ultrasonic time and storage stability is observed more than 3 months. After adding water-based nano-Al₂O₃ dispersion at 0.5 wt% mass fraction to water-based polyacrylate varnishes bought from Carpoly, the scratch load is increased from 900 to 1500 g. The analysis of scratch surface appearance also reveals that the damage of water-based polyacrylate/Al₂O₃ nanocomposites film is minimal.

Graphical abstract

An easy green non-covalent surface modification of commercial nano-Al₂O₃ was carried out by using anti-sedimentation dispersant (alkylol ammonium salt of acidic polymer) and ultrasonication technology simultaneously, resulting in the formation of a highly well-stable dispersion reported firstly in water and good scratch resistance for water-based polyacrylate varnishes.

Gold nanorods are widely used in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications due to their strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The self-assembly of gold nanorods further expands their applications and introduces new ensemble properties. In this paper, two types of gold nanorods with similar lengths but significantly different diameters were used for making superparticles. The gold nanorods were first surface-modified with thiol-terminated polystyrene (PS-SH), and then assembled into superparticles through emulsion volatilization. To test the SERS performances of the gold nanorod superparticles, Nile red was used as a dye molecule to test the localization of the SERS performance of the single superparticles. It was found that as the size of the superparticles increased, the SERS performances also improved, with the final Raman signal intensity reaching up to 2 × 10⁶. When the size of the superparticles was the same, the SERS performance was stronger for superparticles composed of gold nanorods with larger diameters. Additionally, a structure similar to the superparticles was designed for FDTD simulations, and the simulated results were highly consistent with the experimental results, further supporting our conclusions.

The increasing use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) as refrigerants, propellants, and solvents has drawn attention due to their substantial contributions to the depletion of the ozone layer, deterioration of global warming, and the ever-growing threat of climate change, surpassing even the impact of CO₂. This study investigated the application of Co-group transition metals (TM; Co, Rh, Ir) encapsulated within silicon carbide nanotubes (TM@SiCNTs) as potential adsorbents designed to detect and capture trichloromethane (CFC-11) pollutants using a dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) computational approach at the B3LYP-D3(BJ)/def2svp level of theory. A phenomenon was evident in the calculated adsorption energy of the examined system, where the Co@SiCNT exhibited the highest level of adsorption strength. Specifically, the adsorption energies for CFC11_cl_Co@SiCNT and CFC11_f_Co@SiCNT were notably − 100.45 kcal/mol and − 129.94 kcal/mol, respectively. The order of adsorption energies in (eV) was observed as follows: CFC11_cl_Co@SiCNT (− 4.36 eV) > CFC11_cl_Ir@SiCNT (− 2.80 eV) > CFC11_cl_Rh@SiCNT (− 0.77 eV). On the other hand, the fluorine adsorption sites also exhibited the following energies CFC11_f_Co@SiCNT (− 5.63 eV) > CFC11_f_Ir@SiCNT (− 2.07 eV) > CFC11_f_Rh@SiCNT (− 1.42 eV). These trends highlight that the Co@SiCNT-modified surface is the best adsorbent for detecting and adsorbing CFC11. The CFC11_cl_Co@SiCNT CFC11_f_Co@SiCNT systems have the most significant charge transfer at the chlorine and fluorine adsorption sites, signifying a substantial transfer of charge between the adsorbent and the adsorbate. We anticipate that this research will provide valuable insights to experimental researchers, highlighting the promise of utilizing SiCNTs doped with Co@SiCNTs as a compelling choice for gas sensor detection applications.

Solid-state reaction method was employed to synthesize Co²⁺-doped SrMg₂(PO₄)₂ nanopowder and characterized by different techniques to study the structural, morphological, optical, and photoluminescence effects. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that prepared nanopowder structure is monoclinic, and lattice parameters were evaluated. The average crystallite size, micro strain, and dislocation density were calculated and compared with Williamson-Hall method. The morphology of prepared sample was analyzed by SEM images and grain size obtained in nano range. EDS spectrum confirms the presence of desired elements of as prepared sample. The optical and EPR data exhibits distorted octahedral site symmetry of dopant with host material. Photoluminescence (PL) emission spectrum of prepared nanopowder exhibits a single broad band in visible region which represents bright blue color. CIE chromaticity coordinates, and CCT were found from emission spectrum. FTIR spectrum shows vibrational bands related to phosphates, P-O–H, and hydroxyl ions.

Owing to their optical versatility, gold nanorods represent an outstanding platform of plasmonic labels for a wide variety of photonic biosensors. Here, we address the feasibility of a universal system to label PCR amplicons with gold nanorods, based on their coupling to a nucleotidic tag of arbitrary choice and the use of primers modified with the complementary anti-tag sequence. This general concept is suitable for different formats of genosensors. For instance, when both the forward and the reverse primers are modified with the same anti-tag sequence, their daughter amplicons behave as homobifunctional cross-linkers for the polymerization of the gold nanorods and so trigger a specific discoloration of their suspension. This homogeneous approach seems to be robust against a change of DNA target, but to require a careful choice of the hybridization buffer, and to exhibit a limited dynamic range in the order of 10 dB. Instead, when the amplicons are purified and immobilized on a solid substrate such as a paper strip, a single primer bearing the anti-tag sequence is enough to capture the gold nanorods and generate a visible stain that correlates with their concentration. This heterogeneous platform ensures a dynamic range exceeding 30 dB where it is suitable for quantitative readout, but it suffers from spurious interactions that may originate from the onset of denaturation of the spotted amplicons. Altogether, we found that the tested principles work as intended by design, but there may be practical limitations to their generic use in terms of the choice of both the analytical protocol and the nucleotidic tags, particularly in view of leveraging the optical versatility of gold nanorods in a multiplexable format.

This paper presents a method to enhance the compatibility of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) produced from guava leaf extract by modifying the nanoparticle surface with L-glutamic acid. The Glu-coated ZnO material was subjected to characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray scattering spectroscopy (XRD), UV–Vis spectroscopy, and electron energy scattering spectroscopy (EDS). The results corroborated the attachment of glutamic acid to the surface of the nanoparticle. The thermal density analysis (TGA) results indicate that the Glu-coated ZnO material contains around 8.998% organic content. The morphology and size of nanoparticles were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering spectroscopy (DLS) both before and after modification. The findings demonstrate that the bare ZnO nanoparticles had an average size of around 25.32 nm, but the Glu-coated ZnO nanoparticles measure 41.88 nm. Their zeta values are − 9.05 mVs and − 18.6 mV, respectively. The anticancer effect of ZnO nanoparticles coated with glutamic acid was evaluated on various cell lines including HeLa (cervical cancer), A549 (lung cancer), and MCF7 (breast cancer). The findings demonstrated a significant enhancement in the anticancer efficacy of ZnO NPs with the application of Glu coating on their surface. The IC50 values of Glu-coated ZnO for the Hela, A549, and MCF7 cancer cell lines are 40.43 µg/mL, 37.20 µg/L, and 44.23 µg/mL, respectively. The findings indicate that the utilization of Glu-coated ZnO material holds significant promise in the field of cancer treatment.

The development of effective and targeted cancer therapies remains a significant challenge. Platinum-based drugs are widely used but often suffer from limitations such as systemic toxicity and resistance. This study presents a novel approach to address these limitations by developing water-soluble gelatin-based platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) for enhanced cancer therapy. The incorporation of gelatin and curcumin into these nanoparticles offers potential advantages in terms of biocompatibility, targeted delivery, and synergistic therapeutic effects. The PtNPs were conveniently synthesized using a nanosuspension technique, offering a potentially scalable and straightforward method for nanoparticle production. The synthesized PtNPs were thoroughly characterized using various techniques. The investigation assessed the cytotoxic properties of the PtNPs in MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HepG2 (liver cancer) cell lines. The average size of PtNPs was found to vary around 120–200 nm. The density of platinum metal was supported by EDS and metal mapping analysis. The IC₅₀ values of PtNPs in MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cell lines were found to be 6.450 and 7.992 μL/mL, respectively. The incorporation of gelatin and curcumin into platinum nanoparticles represents a unique and innovative strategy for enhancing nanoparticle biocompatibility, targeting, and therapeutic efficacy.

The use of nanotechnology to make nanoformulations/nanocarriers is a rapidly evolving field of study with the potential to fundamentally improve the treatment outcomes for diverse disease states. The use of nanoformulations allows for targeted drug delivery to diseased sites and reduced unwanted side effects. There have been many FDA-approved nanoformulations for the treatment of complex disease states such as advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, secondary metastatic breast cancer, primary metastatic pancreatic cancer, Kaposi’s sarcoma related to AIDS, ovarian cancer, multiple myeloma, leukemia, amyloidosis, and age-related macular degeneration. While most nanoformulations are approved for cancer therapy, FDA-approved nanoformulations are effectively employed to treat autoimmune disorders, metabolic disorders, ophthalmic conditions, neurological diseases, hematological disorders, and inflammatory diseases. Further, novel nanoformulations are in various phases of clinical development for endocrine disorders, complex cancers, skin, ocular, blood, nervous system, cardiovascular, immune, and inflammatory disorders.

Bacterial infection of an implant can cause implant failure and lead to complications. Magnesium and its alloys have been selected as implant materials, since they are biodegradable and possess suitable elastic moduli. However, the rapid rate of degradation of magnesium and its alloys in the body, as well as attachment of bacterial cells on their surfaces, limits their application as implants. Therefore, this paper reports a superhydrophilic magnesium/gallium-layered double hydroxides (SH/Mg-Ga LDHs) coating. The SH/Mg-Ga LDHs coating exhibited excellent superhydrophilic properties and prevented bacterial attachment on the surface of magnesium alloy. Furthermore, the coating demonstrated outstanding antibacterial performance, with inhibition rates exceeding 99% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Additionally, the coating reduced the corrosion current density of the magnesium alloy from 7.49 × 10^–6 to 1.67 × 10^–7 A/cm², and increased the corrosion potential from − 1.55 V/SCE to − 0.35 V/SCE, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy. The number of platelets adhering to the coating was nearly zero, and the thrombosis index increased from 92 to 96%, effectively preventing thrombus formation. Therefore, the Mg-Ga LDHs coating provided a feasible solution to improve the properties of magnesium alloy implant materials and promote the application of magnesium alloys.

Plant diseases pose a significant threat to global food security, necessitating innovative and sustainable strategies for disease management. Due to its numerous emerging and innovative applications, nanotechnology has garnered interest in a variety of sectors. Engineered nanoparticles are versatile materials with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm that can be used as fungicides, bactericides, and nano-fertilizers because of their high reactivity, wide surface area, and tiny size. In order to achieve the goals of sustainable farming, nano-bioformulations are being developed. Biopolymers, including cellulose, starch, alginate, chitin, and chitosan, with ecological endurability are employed for synthesizing nano-formulations. The second most prevalent biopolymer after cellulose is chitosan, which is utilized extensively because of its special qualities, which include non-toxicity, pH sensitivity, abundance, biodegradability, biocompatibility, low allergenicity, and bioabsorbability. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer derived from chitin, has gained attention for its antifungal, antibacterial, and elicitor properties. The combination of natural biopolymers with nanotechnology presents an opportunity to revolutionize agriculture and plant protection. High surface area, positive charge, and nanoscale size are some of the distinct physicochemical characteristics of nano-chitosan that boost its bioactivity and improve the interaction with plant tissues. Chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) have multifaceted modes of action, viz., direct antimicrobial activity, induction of plant defense, and modulation of microbial gene expression. It is broadly used in disease suppression and improving overall plant health. The techniques, viz., ionic gelation, emulsion cross-linking, and solvent evaporation, are commonly used to synthesize ChNPs, showing better control over particle size, stability, and biocompatibility. The present review highlights the synthesis of ChNPs, their potential applications in crop protection, their mechanism of action against plant pathogens, and their toxicity in plants.