Nitrogen input strategies impact fertilizer nitrogen saving by intercropping: A global meta-analysis

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109607
Yalin Liu , TjeerdJan Stomph , Fusuo Zhang , Chunjie Li , Wopke van der Werf
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Abstract

Context

Several meta-analyses have demonstrated that intercropping increases land use efficiency and fertilizer use efficiency of grain-producing crop species, but no overarching synthesis has been made on the effects of fertilizer management on fertilizer use efficiency.

Research questions

Here we assess the relative N use efficiency of species mixtures compared to sole crops under different N input strategies using global data.

Methods

We built a global database of yield and fertilizer N input with 600 data records representing the results of 136 independent experiments from 80 publications with four main types of species functional combinations (SFCs), based on key traits that were found relevant in previous intercropping studies: C3-cereal/legume, maize/legume, C4-non-maize/legume and maize/C3-cereal.

Results

We found that the literature reports results for four main N input strategies in the intercrop and sole crops: (1) zero fertilizer N input (Nic=N1=N2=0), (2) equal fertilizer N input (Nic=N1=N2>0), (3) intermediate fertilizer N input (N1≥Nic≥N2 and N1>N2), and (4) transgressive fertilizer N input (Nic>N1≥N2), where N1, N2 and Nic represent the N input in sole crop 1, sole crop 2 and the intercrop. With zero N input, high land equivalent ratio was found in cereal/legume intercrops but not in maize/C3-cereal intercrops. Intermediate N input (strategy 3) resulted in high LER (land equivalent ratio) and FNER (fertilizer N equivalent ratio) because of the high intercropping advantage of cereals in C3-cereal/legume, maize/legume, and C4-non-maize/legume intercrops and maize in maize/C3-cereal intercrops. Equal N input in the sole crops and the intercrops resulted in LER and FNER being equal and N saving was entirely due to land saving, regardless of SFCs. Transgressive N input resulted in high LER but low FNER.

Conclusions

The study confirms that cereal/legume intercropping increases LER at zero N input. Strategies that tailor N input in intercropping to species demand (strategy 3) pair high productivity and LER to high fertilizer N use efficiency. The transgressive N input strategy maximizes LER at the expense of FNER, thus potentially generating high N losses.
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氮投入策略对间作节肥的影响:全球荟萃分析
背景多项荟萃分析表明,间作可以提高土地利用效率和产粮作物物种的肥料利用效率,但还没有关于肥料管理对肥料利用效率影响的总体综述。研究问题在此,我们利用全球数据评估了在不同氮肥投入策略下,物种混交与单一作物相比的相对氮肥利用效率。方法我们根据以往间作研究中发现的相关关键性状,建立了一个包含 600 条数据记录的全球产量和肥料氮输入数据库,这些数据记录代表了来自 80 个出版物的 136 项独立实验的结果,其中有四种主要的物种功能组合(SFC)类型:C3-谷物/豆类、玉米/豆类、C4-非玉米/豆类和玉米/C3-谷物。结果我们发现,文献报道了间作和单作中四种主要氮投入策略的结果:(1) 零肥料氮投入(Nic=N1=N2=0),(2) 等肥料氮投入(Nic=N1=N2>0),(3) 中等肥料氮投入(N1≥Nic≥N2 和 N1>N2),(4) 过渡肥料氮投入(Nic>N1≥N2),其中 N1、N2 和 Nic 分别代表单作 1、单作 2 和间作中的氮投入。在零氮投入的情况下,谷类/豆类间作的土地当量比很高,但玉米/C3-谷类间作的土地当量比并不高。由于谷物在 C3-谷物/豆类、玉米/豆类和 C4-非谷物/豆类间作中以及玉米在玉米/C3-谷物间作中具有较高的间作优势,因此中等氮投入(策略 3)导致了较高的土地当量比(LER)和肥料氮当量比(FNER)。在单作和间作中同等的氮投入量导致LER和FNER相等,氮的节约完全是由于土地的节约,而与SFCs无关。该研究证实,在零氮投入的情况下,谷物/豆类间作可增加土地产出率。根据物种需求调整间作中的氮投入量的策略(策略 3)将高生产率和 LER 与高肥料氮利用效率结合起来。横向氮肥投入策略以牺牲氮肥利用率为代价,最大限度地提高了氮肥利用率,因此可能会产生较高的氮肥损失。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Field Crops Research
Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
12.10%
发文量
307
审稿时长
46 days
期刊介绍: Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.
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