Journal club

IF 9 1区 医学 Q1 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Thorax Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1136/thorax-2024-222463
Anthony W Martinelli
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Abstract

The ACCESS trial ( Lancet Respir Med 2024;12(4):294–304) provides new evidence supporting the use of macrolides in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In this prospective, double-blind study, Giamarellos-Bourboulis and colleagues randomised patients admitted with CAP and receiving intravenous antibiotics to addition of either oral clarithromycin or placebo for 7 days. Participants from 18 Greek hospitals were enrolled, with CAP defined as consolidation on chest radiograph with compatible auscultatory findings or consolidation on CT, though a pathogen was only identified in 55% of the study population (most commonly Staphylococcus aureus ). Inclusion criteria limited the study to a subset of hospital patients with systemic inflammation, requiring two positive criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome, a sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score of≥2, and a procalcitonin of≥0.25 ng/mL. The primary outcome was achievement at day 4 of both an ‘early clinical response’ (≥50% decrease in respiratory symptom score) and an ‘early inflammatory response’ (≥30% decrease in SOFA score and/or procalcitonin decrease by≥80% or to<0.25 ng/mL). This endpoint was met in 68% (n=91) of patients treated with clarithromycin, compared with 38% (n=51) in the placebo group (OR 3.40 (95% CI 2.06 to 5.63), p<0.0001). Secondary analyses revealed that clarithromycin significantly reduced the rate of progression to organ dysfunction and recurrent sepsis, and shortened time to hospital …
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ACCESS 试验(Lancet Respir Med 2024;12(4):294-304)提供了支持在社区获得性肺炎(CAP)中使用大环内酯类药物的新证据。在这项前瞻性的双盲研究中,Giamarellos-Bourboulis及其同事将入院接受静脉注射抗生素治疗的CAP患者随机分组,让他们在7天内口服克拉霉素或安慰剂。研究对象来自 18 家希腊医院,CAP 的定义是胸片上的合并症与听诊结果相符或 CT 上的合并症,但只有 55% 的研究对象确定了病原体(最常见的是金黄色葡萄球菌)。纳入标准将研究对象限制在有全身炎症的住院患者中,要求有两个全身炎症反应综合征阳性标准、序贯器官功能衰竭评估(SOFA)评分≥2分、降钙素原≥0.25纳克/毫升。主要结果是在第4天达到 "早期临床反应"(呼吸道症状评分下降≥50%)和 "早期炎症反应"(SOFA评分下降≥30%和/或降钙素原下降≥80%或<0.25纳克/毫升)。在接受克拉霉素治疗的患者中,有68%(91人)达到了这一终点,而在安慰剂组中,只有38%(51人)达到了这一终点(OR 3.40 (95% CI 2.06 to 5.63),P<0.0001)。二次分析表明,克拉霉素能显著降低器官功能障碍和败血症复发率,并缩短住院时间...
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来源期刊
Thorax
Thorax 医学-呼吸系统
CiteScore
16.10
自引率
2.00%
发文量
197
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Thorax stands as one of the premier respiratory medicine journals globally, featuring clinical and experimental research articles spanning respiratory medicine, pediatrics, immunology, pharmacology, pathology, and surgery. The journal's mission is to publish noteworthy advancements in scientific understanding that are poised to influence clinical practice significantly. This encompasses articles delving into basic and translational mechanisms applicable to clinical material, covering areas such as cell and molecular biology, genetics, epidemiology, and immunology.
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