White shark comparison reveals a slender body for the extinct megatooth shark, Otodus megalodon (Lamniformes: Otodontidae).

IF 2 4区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Palaeontologia Electronica Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.26879/1345
Phillip C Sternes, Patrick L Jambura, Julia Türtscher, Jürgen Kriwet, Mikael Siversson, Iris Feichtinger, Gavin J P Naylor, Adam P Summers, John G Maisey, Taketeru Tomita, Joshua K Moyer, Timothy E Higham, João Paulo C B da Silva, Hugo Bornatowski, Douglas J Long, Victor J Perez, Alberto Collareta, Charlie Underwood, David J Ward, Romain Vullo, Gerardo González-Barba, Harry M Maisch, Michael L Griffiths, Martin A Becker, Jake J Wood, Kenshu Shimada
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Abstract

The megatooth shark, †Otodus megalodon, which likely reached at least 15 m in total length, is an iconic extinct shark represented primarily by its gigantic teeth in the Neogene fossil record. As one of the largest marine carnivores to ever exist, understanding the biology, evolution, and extinction of †O. megalodon is important because it had a significant impact on the ecology and evolution of marine ecosystems that shaped the present-day oceans. Some attempts inferring the body form of †O. megalodon have been carried out, but they are all speculative due to the lack of any complete skeleton. Here we highlight the fact that the previous total body length estimated from vertebral diameters of the extant white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) for an †O. megalodon individual represented by an incomplete vertebral column is much shorter than the sum of anteroposterior lengths of those fossil vertebrae. This factual evidence indicates that †O. megalodon had an elongated body relative to the body of the modern white shark. Although its exact body form remains unknown, this proposition represents the most parsimonious empirical evidence, which is a significant step towards deciphering the body form of †O. megalodon.

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白鲨对比显示,已灭绝的巨齿鲨 Otodus megalodon(南美鳍目:巨齿鲨科)身体细长。
巨齿鲨(†Otodus megalodon)全长可能至少达到 15 米,是一种标志性的已灭绝鲨鱼,在新近纪化石记录中主要以其巨大的牙齿为代表。作为有史以来最大的海洋食肉动物之一,了解 †O. megalodon 的生物学、进化和灭绝非常重要,因为它对塑造当今海洋的海洋生态系统的生态和进化有着重大影响。已经有人尝试推断巨齿鲨的身体形态,但由于缺乏完整的骨骼,这些尝试都是推测性的。在这里,我们强调一个事实,即根据现存白鲨(Carcharodon carcharias)的脊椎直径估算出的†O. megalodon个体不完整脊椎柱的身体总长度要比这些化石脊椎骨的前胸长度总和短得多。这一事实证据表明†O. megalodon 的身体相对于现代大白鲨的身体要长一些。尽管其确切的身体形态仍然未知,但这一命题代表了最合理的经验证据,这是向解密巨齿鲨身体形态迈出的重要一步。
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来源期刊
Palaeontologia Electronica
Palaeontologia Electronica 地学-古生物学
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Founded in 1997, Palaeontologia Electronica (PE) is the longest running open-access, peer-reviewed electronic journal and covers all aspects of palaeontology. PE uses an external double-blind peer review system for all manuscripts. Copyright of scientific papers is held by one of the three sponsoring professional societies at the author''s choice. Reviews, commentaries, and other material is placed in the public domain. PE papers comply with regulations for taxonomic nomenclature established in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants.
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