Learning from employer experiences with paid leave policy expansions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Health affairs scholar Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1093/haschl/qxae122
William H Dow, Julia M Goodman, Paloma Lin, Paige Park
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Abstract

The United States does not have a federal policy offering employees paid leave. We study employer attitudes toward the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA) federal emergency paid leave policies temporarily adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic to draw lessons for proposed permanent federal paid leave policies. We analyzed a 2021 survey of 300 San Francisco Bay Area employers to examine employers' experiences with paid sick leave (PSL) and paid family leave (PFL) policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, along with their attitudes regarding FFCRA paid leave. Most firms reported that it was not difficult to comply with or seek reimbursement for FFCRA leave. Nevertheless, most smaller firms did report difficulty in understanding policy details, and many reported being unaware of FFCRA paid leave availability. FFCRA paid leave was broadly popular among firms aware of it: 64% supported (9% opposed) the PSL provisions, and 52% supported (12% opposed) PFL. However, support for permanent extension dropped to just over 40%, despite this Bay Area sample having long familiarity with California's state paid leave policies. We conclude that federal pandemic paid leave offers a potential model that could be refined for future paid leave policies, but support is mixed.

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从 COVID-19 大流行期间扩大带薪休假政策的雇主经验中学习。
美国没有为雇员提供带薪休假的联邦政策。我们研究了雇主对在 COVID-19 大流行期间临时采用的《家庭第一冠状病毒应对法案》(FFCRA)联邦紧急带薪休假政策的态度,以便为拟议的永久性联邦带薪休假政策提供借鉴。我们分析了 2021 年对旧金山湾区 300 名雇主进行的调查,以研究雇主在 COVID-19 大流行期间使用带薪病假 (PSL) 和带薪家事假 (PFL) 政策的经验,以及他们对 FFCRA 带薪休假的态度。大多数公司表示,遵守或申请报销 FFCRA 假期并不困难。然而,大多数小公司确实表示在了解政策细节方面存在困难,许多公司表示不知道 FFCRA 规定了带薪休假。在了解 FFCRA 带薪休假的公司中,FFCRA 带薪休假广受欢迎:64% 的公司支持(9% 反对)PSL 条款,52% 的公司支持(12% 反对)PFL 条款。然而,尽管湾区的样本对加州的带薪休假政策非常熟悉,但对永久延长带薪休假的支持率却下降到了 40% 多一点。我们的结论是,联邦大流行病带薪休假提供了一个潜在的模式,可用于完善未来的带薪休假政策,但支持率参差不齐。
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