Calcium sorption and isotope fractionation in Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Biogeochemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1007/s10533-024-01178-4
N. Nuvoli, A. D. Schmitt, S. Gangloff, V. A. Geoffroy
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Abstract

Bacteria are a key component of the critical zone, because of their role in the nutrient availability for the vegetation. There is still little knowledge on the direct role of bacteria on Ca storage/leaching in soils while it is an essential macronutrient for vegetation growth. In recent years, Ca stable isotopes have shown their potential in understanding the Ca biogeochemical cycle. Preliminary studies highlighted that in the presence of soil bacteria, the plant uptake of nutrients is increased due to the mineral bioweathering. Moreover, Ca isotope signatures of nutrient media also showed differences between growth experiments in batch in the presence and absence of bacteria. In this study, the focus is to verify if Ca adsorption and incorporation into/onto bacterial strains induce such isotopic fractionation. Batch experiments were carried out on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a Gram-negative bacterium) and on the vegetative and sporulated forms of Bacillus subtilis (a Gram-positive bacterium). These experimentations showed that: (i) no observable isotopic fractionations were induced during calcium/bacteria contact for all experimental parameters (pH, kinetic, bacterial cell number, interaction time, dead/alive bacteria); (ii) Ca was mainly stored in the bacterial cell wall compartments. On the other hand, significant Ca isotopic differences between the spores and the sporulation medium (Δ44/40Caspores–sporulation medium ranging from − 0.53 to − 1.15‰), suggest isotopic fractionation during the sporulation process, likely occurring during the attachment of Ca to carboxyl acid groups as calcium chelates with dipicolinic acid. The absence of Ca isotope fractionation during Ca sorption on vegetative and sporulated bacteria via passive channels indicates that the tested bacteria’s contribution to the Ca biogeochemical cycle is indirect primary enhancing bioweathering and Ca bioavailability for vegetation. If confirmed by further studies, only the sporulation mechanisms itself may directly impact the Ca biogeochemical cycle.

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枯草芽孢杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌对钙的吸附和同位素分馏
细菌是临界区的关键组成部分,因为它们在为植被提供养分方面发挥着重要作用。虽然钙是植被生长所必需的重要营养元素,但人们对细菌在土壤中钙的储存/流失方面的直接作用仍然知之甚少。近年来,钙稳定同位素在了解钙的生物地球化学循环方面显示出了潜力。初步研究表明,在有土壤细菌存在的情况下,由于矿物质的生物风化作用,植物对养分的吸收会增加。此外,营养介质中的钙同位素特征也显示出细菌存在和不存在时批量生长实验的差异。本研究的重点是验证细菌菌株对钙的吸附和吸收是否会导致这种同位素分馏。对铜绿假单胞菌(一种革兰氏阴性细菌)和枯草芽孢杆菌(一种革兰氏阳性细菌)的无性和孢子形态进行了批量实验。这些实验表明(i) 在钙/细菌接触过程中,所有实验参数(pH 值、动力学、细菌细胞数、相互作用时间、死菌/活菌)都没有引起可观察到的同位素分馏;(ii) 钙主要储存在细菌细胞壁区。另一方面,孢子与孢子培养基之间存在明显的钙同位素差异(Δ44/40孢子-孢子培养基,范围从-0.53到-1.15‰),表明在孢子形成过程中发生了同位素分馏,这可能发生在钙与羧酸基团连接的过程中,因为钙与二羧酸发生了螯合作用。植被细菌和孢子细菌通过被动渠道吸附钙的过程中没有发生钙的同位素分馏,这表明受测细菌对钙的生物地球化学循环的贡献是间接的,主要是增强了植被的生物风化作用和钙的生物利用率。如果进一步研究证实,只有孢子机制本身可能直接影响钙的生物地球化学循环。
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来源期刊
Biogeochemistry
Biogeochemistry 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
3.2 months
期刊介绍: Biogeochemistry publishes original and synthetic papers dealing with biotic controls on the chemistry of the environment, or with the geochemical control of the structure and function of ecosystems. Cycles are considered, either of individual elements or of specific classes of natural or anthropogenic compounds in ecosystems. Particular emphasis is given to coupled interactions of element cycles. The journal spans from the molecular to global scales to elucidate the mechanisms driving patterns in biogeochemical cycles through space and time. Studies on both natural and artificial ecosystems are published when they contribute to a general understanding of biogeochemistry.
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