Surface microlayer-mediated virome dissemination in the Central Arctic.

IF 13.8 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Microbiome Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1186/s40168-024-01902-0
Janina Rahlff, George Westmeijer, Julia Weissenbach, Alfred Antson, Karin Holmfeldt
{"title":"Surface microlayer-mediated virome dissemination in the Central Arctic.","authors":"Janina Rahlff, George Westmeijer, Julia Weissenbach, Alfred Antson, Karin Holmfeldt","doi":"10.1186/s40168-024-01902-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aquatic viruses act as key players in shaping microbial communities. In polar environments, they face significant challenges such as limited host availability and harsh conditions. However, due to the restricted accessibility of these ecosystems, our understanding of viral diversity, abundance, adaptations, and host interactions remains limited.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To fill this knowledge gap, we studied viruses from atmosphere-close aquatic ecosystems in the Central Arctic and Northern Greenland. Aquatic samples for virus-host analysis were collected from ~60 cm depth and the submillimeter surface microlayer (SML) during the Synoptic Arctic Survey 2021 on icebreaker Oden in the Arctic summer. Water was sampled from a melt pond and open water before undergoing size-fractioned filtration, followed by genome-resolved metagenomic and cultivation investigations. The prokaryotic diversity in the melt pond was considerably lower compared to that of open water. The melt pond was dominated by a Flavobacterium sp. and Aquiluna sp., the latter having a relatively small genome size of 1.2 Mb and the metabolic potential to generate ATP using the phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway. Viral diversity on the host fraction (0.2-5 µm) of the melt pond was strikingly limited compared to that of open water. From the 1154 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), of which two-thirds were predicted bacteriophages, 17.2% encoded for auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) with metabolic functions. Some AMGs like glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase and ice-binding like proteins might serve to provide cryoprotection for the host. Prophages were often associated with SML genomes, and two active prophages of new viral genera from the Arctic SML strain Leeuwenhoekiella aequorea Arc30 were induced. We found evidence that vOTU abundance in the SML compared to that of ~60 cm depth was more positively correlated with the distribution of a vOTU across five different Arctic stations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that viruses employ elaborate strategies to endure in extreme, host-limited environments. Moreover, our observations suggest that the immediate air-sea interface serves as a platform for viral distribution in the Central Arctic. Video Abstract.</p>","PeriodicalId":18447,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":13.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515562/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Microbiome","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-024-01902-0","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Aquatic viruses act as key players in shaping microbial communities. In polar environments, they face significant challenges such as limited host availability and harsh conditions. However, due to the restricted accessibility of these ecosystems, our understanding of viral diversity, abundance, adaptations, and host interactions remains limited.

Results: To fill this knowledge gap, we studied viruses from atmosphere-close aquatic ecosystems in the Central Arctic and Northern Greenland. Aquatic samples for virus-host analysis were collected from ~60 cm depth and the submillimeter surface microlayer (SML) during the Synoptic Arctic Survey 2021 on icebreaker Oden in the Arctic summer. Water was sampled from a melt pond and open water before undergoing size-fractioned filtration, followed by genome-resolved metagenomic and cultivation investigations. The prokaryotic diversity in the melt pond was considerably lower compared to that of open water. The melt pond was dominated by a Flavobacterium sp. and Aquiluna sp., the latter having a relatively small genome size of 1.2 Mb and the metabolic potential to generate ATP using the phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway. Viral diversity on the host fraction (0.2-5 µm) of the melt pond was strikingly limited compared to that of open water. From the 1154 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs), of which two-thirds were predicted bacteriophages, 17.2% encoded for auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) with metabolic functions. Some AMGs like glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase and ice-binding like proteins might serve to provide cryoprotection for the host. Prophages were often associated with SML genomes, and two active prophages of new viral genera from the Arctic SML strain Leeuwenhoekiella aequorea Arc30 were induced. We found evidence that vOTU abundance in the SML compared to that of ~60 cm depth was more positively correlated with the distribution of a vOTU across five different Arctic stations.

Conclusions: The results indicate that viruses employ elaborate strategies to endure in extreme, host-limited environments. Moreover, our observations suggest that the immediate air-sea interface serves as a platform for viral distribution in the Central Arctic. Video Abstract.

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
北极中部由表面微层介导的病毒传播。
背景:水生病毒是形成微生物群落的关键角色。在极地环境中,它们面临着宿主有限和条件恶劣等重大挑战。然而,由于这些生态系统的可及性有限,我们对病毒多样性、丰度、适应性和宿主相互作用的了解仍然有限:为了填补这一知识空白,我们研究了北极中部和格陵兰岛北部与大气接近的水生生态系统中的病毒。在北极夏季奥登号破冰船进行 2021 年北极综合考察期间,我们从约 60 厘米深的水域和亚毫米表面微层(SML)采集了用于病毒宿主分析的水生样本。水样取自熔池和开放水域,然后进行大小分馏过滤,再进行基因组分辨元基因组和培养研究。与开放水域相比,熔池中的原核生物多样性要低得多。熔池中的原核生物主要是黄杆菌和 Aquiluna sp.,后者的基因组相对较小,只有 1.2 Mb,具有利用磷酸乙酰转移酶-乙酸激酶途径产生 ATP 的代谢潜力。与开放水域相比,熔池中宿主部分(0.2-5 微米)的病毒多样性非常有限。在1154个病毒操作分类单元(vOTUs)(其中三分之二是预测的噬菌体)中,17.2%的病毒编码具有代谢功能的辅助代谢基因(AMGs)。一些 AMGs,如甘油-3-磷酸胞苷酸转移酶和类冰结合蛋白,可能为宿主提供低温保护。噬菌体通常与SML基因组相关,北极SML菌株Leeuwenhoekiella aequorea Arc30的两个新病毒属的活性噬菌体被诱导出来。我们发现有证据表明,与 ~60 厘米深度相比,SML 中的 vOTU 丰度与五个不同北极站的 vOTU 分布呈正相关:结论:研究结果表明,病毒采用了精心设计的策略,以在宿主有限的极端环境中生存。此外,我们的观察结果表明,紧邻的海气界面是病毒在北极中部分布的平台。视频摘要
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Microbiome
Microbiome MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
21.90
自引率
2.60%
发文量
198
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: Microbiome is a journal that focuses on studies of microbiomes in humans, animals, plants, and the environment. It covers both natural and manipulated microbiomes, such as those in agriculture. The journal is interested in research that uses meta-omics approaches or novel bioinformatics tools and emphasizes the community/host interaction and structure-function relationship within the microbiome. Studies that go beyond descriptive omics surveys and include experimental or theoretical approaches will be considered for publication. The journal also encourages research that establishes cause and effect relationships and supports proposed microbiome functions. However, studies of individual microbial isolates/species without exploring their impact on the host or the complex microbiome structures and functions will not be considered for publication. Microbiome is indexed in BIOSIS, Current Contents, DOAJ, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central, and Science Citations Index Expanded.
期刊最新文献
Intestinal commensal bacteria promote Bactrocera dorsalis larval development through the vitamin B6 synthesis pathway. MAGqual: a stand-alone pipeline to assess the quality of metagenome-assembled genomes. Nepali oral microbiomes reflect a gradient of lifestyles from traditional to industrialized. The gut microbiome in patients with Cushing's disease affects depression- and anxiety-like behavior in mice. Quality traits drive the enrichment of Massilia in the rhizosphere to improve soybean oil content.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1