Enhancing Toughness of Post-Consumer Recycled Polyolefins with Polybutadiene-Derived Block Copolymers

IF 4.4 2区 化学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY ACS Applied Polymer Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1021/acsapm.4c0227010.1021/acsapm.4c02270
Gabriela Díaz Gorbea, Liyang Shen, Kendra Flanigan, Christopher J. Ellison* and Frank S. Bates*, 
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Abstract

There is a rapidly expanding need for economically viable approaches for ameliorating the wasteful disposal of post-consumer plastics in landfills and the leakage of these materials into the environment. Here, we assess the efficacy of poly(ethylene)-block-poly(ethylene-ran-ethyl ethylene)-block-poly(ethylene) (EXE) triblock copolymers as compatibilizers in post-consumer recycled poly(ethylene) (rPE) and isotactic polypropylene (rPP) containing ca. 10–15% PP and PE impurities, respectively. E67X138E67 was prepared by anionic polymerization of butadiene followed by catalytic hydrogenation, where the subscripts indicate block molecular weight in kg/mol. This triblock copolymer was mixed with rPE and rPP, along with blends formed from virgin PE and PP, and the recycled and blended materials were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and tensile testing. The presence of phase-separated impurities in the recycled plastics was confirmed by DSC and AFM, and shown to contribute to inferior mechanical properties, e.g., strain at break, εb < 20% for melt-molded specimens cooled at 38 °C/min, referred to as fast cooling. Addition of 1 wt % of E67X138E67 to rPE and rPP led to improvements in ductility, dependent on the rate of cooling of melt-molded specimens. Fast cooling produced marginal gains in ductility, εb ≈ 90 and 30% in rPE and rPP, respectively. However, industrially relevant very fast cooling (380 °C/min) dramatically improved the ductility, where εb ≥ 500% for both recycled plastics. Similar results were obtained with virgin PE/PP blends containing 1 wt % E67X138E67. These findings are compared with the results described in a previous report, where 1 wt % E65X88E65 was added to virgin PE/PP blends, indicating that the X block molecular weight plays an important role in the efficacy of compatibilization.

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用聚丁二烯衍生嵌段共聚物增强消费后回收聚烯烃的韧性
目前,人们对经济上可行的方法的需求正在迅速增长,以改善垃圾填埋场对消费后塑料的浪费性处理以及这些材料向环境的渗漏。在此,我们评估了聚乙稀-嵌段-聚乙稀-嵌段-聚乙稀(EXE)三嵌段共聚物作为相容剂在分别含有约 10-15% PP 和 PE 杂质的消费后再生聚乙稀(rPE)和同方聚丙烯(rPP)中的功效。E67X138E67 由丁二烯阴离子聚合后催化加氢制备而成,下标表示嵌段分子量(千克/摩尔)。通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和拉伸测试对回收材料和混合材料进行了表征。差示扫描量热仪和原子力显微镜证实了回收塑料中存在相分离的杂质,并表明这种杂质会导致较差的机械性能,例如,以 38 °C/min 的速度(称为快速冷却)冷却熔模铸造试样时,断裂应变εb < 20%。在 rPE 和 rPP 中添加 1 wt % 的 E67X138E67 可提高延展性,这取决于熔模试样的冷却速度。快速冷却可使延展性略有提高,rPE 和 rPP 的延展性分别为 εb ≈ 90% 和 30%。然而,与工业相关的极快速冷却(380 °C/分钟)显著提高了延展性,两种再生塑料的εb ≥ 500%。含有 1 wt % E67X138E67 的原始 PE/PP 混合物也获得了类似的结果。这些结果与之前一份报告中描述的结果进行了比较,在该报告中,原生聚乙烯/聚丙烯混合物中添加了 1 wt % 的 E65X88E65,这表明 X 嵌段分子量在相容效果中起着重要作用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
6.00%
发文量
810
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Polymer Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology relevant to applications of polymers. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates fundamental knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, polymer science and chemistry into important polymer applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses relationships among structure, processing, morphology, chemistry, properties, and function as well as work that provide insights into mechanisms critical to the performance of the polymer for applications.
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