Alternative thermal histories of Earth-like planets: Influence of key parameters

IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Journal of Geodynamics Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.jog.2024.102062
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Abstract

The thermal evolution of any planet can be influenced by many factors: the initial temperature profile, the distribution of specific materials within the planet, the existence or lack of a gaseous atmosphere, the effects of early and “late” collision events. Insights concerning the influence of those factors can be obtained by examining solutions to the heat equation, applied to spherical bodies. General trends identified in this work include: 1) Moderate conductive materials contribute to efficiently flatten the temperature gradients, whereas insulating materials promote the preservation of steep temperature gradients. 2) It is not necessary to invoke convection to achieve a relatively flat temperature gradient; moderately conductive materials might achieve the same result without any advective motion involved. 3) Heat transport can take place both outwards and inwards, depending on the initial distribution of temperatures. 4) If the initial temperatures near the center of a planet are low, they will tend to remain low even if heat production takes place at its middle or upper parts. 5) Gradients of temperature near the surface of a planet may not reflect temperature variations at its middle or central parts. 6) Changes of phase exert a strong influence on the evolution of temperature profiles within a planet. 7) Highly insulating atmospheric layers can be important in determining the time of solidification of the upper layer of a magma ocean but not all atmospheres are equally efficient in that respect. As a result, models that give for granted the existence of deep mantle convection on Earth are justified only in the context of models of planet formation that require high initial temperatures; the standard model of a cold solar nebula is not consistent with such deep mantle convective movements.
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类地行星的另一种热历史:关键参数的影响
任何行星的热演化都会受到许多因素的影响:初始温度曲线、行星内部特定物质的分布、是否存在气态大气、早期和 "晚期 "碰撞事件的影响。通过研究适用于球体的热方程的解,可以深入了解这些因素的影响。这项研究发现的总体趋势包括1) 适度导电材料有助于有效地平缓温度梯度,而绝缘材料则有助于保持陡峭的温度梯度。2) 实现相对平缓的温度梯度不一定需要对流;适度导电的材料可以在不涉及任何平流运动的情况下实现相同的结果。3) 热量既可以向外也可以向内传播,这取决于初始温度分布。4) 如果行星中心附近的初始温度较低,即使热量产生于中部或上部,温度也会保持在较低水平。5) 行星表面附近的温度梯度可能无法反映其中部或中央部分的温度变化。6) 相位变化对行星内部温度曲线的演变有很大影响。7) 高绝缘大气层对决定岩浆洋上层的凝固时间非常重要,但并非所有大气层在这方面都同样有效。因此,只有在需要较高初始温度的行星形成模型中,才有理由认为地球上存在理所当然的深地幔对流;冷太阳星云的标准模型与这种深地幔对流运动并不一致。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geodynamics
Journal of Geodynamics 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Geodynamics is an international and interdisciplinary forum for the publication of results and discussions of solid earth research in geodetic, geophysical, geological and geochemical geodynamics, with special emphasis on the large scale processes involved.
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