Cunninghamia lanceolata cannot Depend solely on xylem embolism resistance to Withstand prolonged seasonal drought

IF 5.9 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132255
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Abstract

As global climate change leads to increased spatial and temporal heterogeneity in precipitation patterns, seasonal droughts are becoming more frequent in subtropical monsoon regions. Some conifer species despite having high embolism resistance, still succumb to the effects of climatic drought. Therefore, assessing a plant’s drought resistance based solely on hydraulic traits does not provide a comprehensive picture. Cunninghamia lanceolata (C. lanceolata), a species extensively cultivated in the subtropical monsoon regions due to its rapid growth, drought resistance, and high economic value, plays a dominant role in fast-growing and high-yielding forestry. Investigating the drought response of C. lanceolata is crucial for ensuring sustainable timber production, maintaining ecosystem balance, and enhancing ecological hydrological functions. To this end, from July 2022 to October 2023, we conducted a comparative experiment simulating seasonal drought on 15-year-old C. lanceolata. We assessed the embolism resistance of C. lanceolata by constructing vulnerability curves and analyzed its water use patterns using hydrogen and oxygen isotope compositions. The research findings indicate that in October 2022, the hydraulic safety margin (HSM50) of C. lanceolata increased from 0.99 ± 0.23 MPa to 1.12 ± 0.13 MPa under water input exclusion, suggesting that C. lanceolata can enhance its xylem embolism resistance to counteract short-term drought stress. Despite the ability of C. lanceolata to adjust its root distribution, C. lanceolata primarily relies on shallow soil moisture for survival, with the maximum water uptake from the 0–10 cm soil layer reaching up to 53.0 %±9.0 %. This mismatch between the tree’s water use pattern and soil moisture dynamics exacerbates drought stress during the dry season, leading to irreversible embolism accumulation over prolonged seasonal droughts. During the 2023 dry season, the natural percentage loss of conductivity (NPLC) in C. lanceolata trees from both the drought and control groups significantly increased to 27.45 ± 1.03 % and 19.60 ± 1.05 %, respectively, both higher than in the 2022 dry season (increases of 8.06 ± 3.01 % and 8.58 ± 2.36 %, respectively). Therefore, we believe that HSM can only assess a plant’s short-term resistance to sudden drought but cannot accurately determine its long-term adaptability to repeated extreme drought stress. A comprehensive assessment should be made by considering both the tree’s water use patterns and hydraulic characteristics.
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Cunninghamia lanceolata 不能仅靠木质部的抗栓性来抵御长期季节性干旱
随着全球气候变化导致降水模式的时空异质性增加,亚热带季风地区的季节性干旱变得越来越频繁。一些针叶树种尽管具有很强的抗栓性,但仍然会受到气候干旱的影响。因此,仅根据水力特征来评估植物的抗旱性并不全面。杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata,简称 C.lanceolata)是亚热带季风区广泛种植的树种,因其生长迅速、抗旱性强、经济价值高,在速生高产林业中发挥着主导作用。研究蓝花楹的抗旱性对于确保木材的可持续生产、维持生态系统平衡和提高生态水文功能至关重要。为此,从 2022 年 7 月到 2023 年 10 月,我们对 15 年树龄的长春花进行了模拟季节性干旱的对比实验。我们通过构建脆弱性曲线来评估长矛草的抗栓性,并利用氢氧同位素组成分析其用水模式。研究结果表明,2022年10月,在排除水分输入的情况下,万寿菊的水力安全裕度(HSM50)从0.99±0.23兆帕增加到1.12±0.13兆帕,这表明万寿菊可以增强木质部的抗栓塞能力,以抵御短期干旱胁迫。尽管洋二仙草能够调整其根系分布,但它主要依靠浅层土壤水分生存,0-10厘米土层的最大吸水率高达53.0%±9.0%。这种树木用水模式与土壤水分动态之间的不匹配加剧了旱季的干旱压力,导致在长期季节性干旱中出现不可逆的栓皮累积。在 2023 年的旱季,干旱组和对照组的 C. lanceolata 树的自然电导率损失百分比(NPLC)分别显著增加到 27.45 ± 1.03 % 和 19.60 ± 1.05 %,均高于 2022 年的旱季(分别增加了 8.06 ± 3.01 % 和 8.58 ± 2.36 %)。因此,我们认为 HSM 只能评估植物对突发干旱的短期抗性,而不能准确判断其对反复极端干旱胁迫的长期适应性。综合评估应同时考虑树木的用水模式和水力特性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Hydrology
Journal of Hydrology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
1309
审稿时长
7.5 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology and hydrogeology. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, hydraulics, agrohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, civil and environmental engineering are included. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, environmental sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site.
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