{"title":"Time of the week AutoRegressive eXogenous (TOW-ARX) model to predict thermal consumption in a large commercial mall","authors":"Iñigo Lopez-Villamor , Olaia Eguiarte , Beñat Arregi , Roberto Garay-Martinez , Antonio Garrido-Marijuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecmx.2024.100777","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a procedure to build a Time of the Week AutoRegressive eXogenous (TOW-ARX) model, indexed with respect to time and day of the week, to characterize heat consumption in tertiary buildings. Models for building heat load characterization and prediction are crucial to enhance energy efficiency. The proposed model can be used for different purposes, e.g., control of indoor climate, or characterization of the thermal response of the building. A case study is described where the TOW-ARX model is used to characterize the energy consumption of a large retail building in Madrid. In order to discard the risk of model overfitting, cross validation is applied using the k-fold technique. The performance of the TOW-ARX model is compared with a set of different models: a reduced version of the model where similar segments are clustered using the k-means method (R-TOW-ARX), a general ARX model, a linear regression steady-state TOW model (TOW-LR), a version of the latter reduced through clustering (R-TOW-LR), and a general multiple linear regression model (LR). The results reveal that ARX-based models notably outperforms the rest. The TOW-ARX model shows the best metrics, but also outnumbers the number of coefficients of the other models by far. The selection of the most suitable model is not straightforward and should depend on the purpose of such model: the TOW-ARX model would arguably be the best for control purposes due to its low mean absolute error, but the ARX model would be preferable for an efficient characterization of the thermal response of a building due to its reduced number of parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37131,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100777"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Energy Conversion and Management-X","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524002551","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENERGY & FUELS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This paper proposes a procedure to build a Time of the Week AutoRegressive eXogenous (TOW-ARX) model, indexed with respect to time and day of the week, to characterize heat consumption in tertiary buildings. Models for building heat load characterization and prediction are crucial to enhance energy efficiency. The proposed model can be used for different purposes, e.g., control of indoor climate, or characterization of the thermal response of the building. A case study is described where the TOW-ARX model is used to characterize the energy consumption of a large retail building in Madrid. In order to discard the risk of model overfitting, cross validation is applied using the k-fold technique. The performance of the TOW-ARX model is compared with a set of different models: a reduced version of the model where similar segments are clustered using the k-means method (R-TOW-ARX), a general ARX model, a linear regression steady-state TOW model (TOW-LR), a version of the latter reduced through clustering (R-TOW-LR), and a general multiple linear regression model (LR). The results reveal that ARX-based models notably outperforms the rest. The TOW-ARX model shows the best metrics, but also outnumbers the number of coefficients of the other models by far. The selection of the most suitable model is not straightforward and should depend on the purpose of such model: the TOW-ARX model would arguably be the best for control purposes due to its low mean absolute error, but the ARX model would be preferable for an efficient characterization of the thermal response of a building due to its reduced number of parameters.
期刊介绍:
Energy Conversion and Management: X is the open access extension of the reputable journal Energy Conversion and Management, serving as a platform for interdisciplinary research on a wide array of critical energy subjects. The journal is dedicated to publishing original contributions and in-depth technical review articles that present groundbreaking research on topics spanning energy generation, utilization, conversion, storage, transmission, conservation, management, and sustainability.
The scope of Energy Conversion and Management: X encompasses various forms of energy, including mechanical, thermal, nuclear, chemical, electromagnetic, magnetic, and electric energy. It addresses all known energy resources, highlighting both conventional sources like fossil fuels and nuclear power, as well as renewable resources such as solar, biomass, hydro, wind, geothermal, and ocean energy.