Energy Conversion and Management-X最新文献

Concentrating solar power technology in Bangladesh: Potential and challenges for large-scale implementation

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100966

Md. Abdu Rabbir Rasul, Nafeem Yasar, Nahid-Ur-Rahman Chowdhury

This study outlines the possibilities and barriers to implementing concentrating solar power (CSP) technology in Bangladesh by conducting a techno-economic feasibility analysis of three distinct technologies of CSP plants in five different locations throughout the country. Utilizing the System Advisor Model (SAM) software, a thorough analysis of the technical and economic aspects of implementing a 50 MW Parabolic Trough CSP Plant, Linear Fresnel CSP Plant, and the Solar Power Tower CSP Plant in the districts of Munshiganj, Sunamganj, Dinajpur, Cox’s Bazar, and Pabna was conducted. The sites were chosen based on factors such as the availability of nearby hydrological assets, the district’s average Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI), etc. These criteria were comprehensively met, and the average DNI of 1900–2100 kWh/m2 was a crucial parameter in the simulation studies. From a technical aspect, keeping an average Thermal Energy Storage (TES) of 6 h, the Capacity Factor (CF%) and for economic feasibility, the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and Net Present Value (NPV) were optimized to determine the best possible blueprint. It is observed that in terms of LCOE, NPV, and CF%, the ideal technology to be implemented in Bangladesh would be the Power Tower-Molten Salt technology, as it ensures an LCOE as low as $0.1251/kWh in Dinajpur, NPV as high as $40,880,084 in Cox’s Bazar, and CF% as high as 48.3 % in Dinajpur. These findings clearly stipulate the potential for CSP technology in Bangladesh’s energy landscape and how it can replace or hybridize conventional power generation techniques.

本研究通过对孟加拉国五个不同地点的三种不同技术的聚光太阳能发电厂进行技术经济可行性分析，概述了在孟加拉国实施聚光太阳能发电（CSP）技术的可能性和障碍。利用 System Advisor Model (SAM) 软件，对在 Munshiganj、Sunamganj、Dinajpur、Cox's Bazar 和 Pabna 地区实施 50 兆瓦抛物面槽式 CSP 电站、线性菲涅尔 CSP 电站和太阳能塔式 CSP 电站的技术和经济方面进行了全面分析。选址依据的因素包括附近是否有水文资产、该地区的平均直接法线辐照度 (DNI) 等。这些标准都得到了全面满足，1900-2100 kWh/m2 的平均 DNI 是模拟研究的关键参数。在技术方面，保持平均 6 小时的热能储存（TES）、容量系数（CF%）；在经济可行性方面，优化了平准化能源成本（LCOE）和净现值（NPV），以确定最佳蓝图。结果表明，就 LCOE、NPV 和 CF% 而言，在孟加拉国实施的理想技术是电力塔-熔盐技术，因为该技术可确保 Dinajpur 的 LCOE 低至 0.1251 美元/千瓦时，Cox's Bazar 的 NPV 高达 40,880,084 美元，Dinajpur 的 CF% 高达 48.3%。这些研究结果清楚地表明了 CSP 技术在孟加拉国能源领域的潜力，以及它如何取代或混合传统发电技术。

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引用次数: 0

Advancements in combustion technologies: A review of innovations, methodologies, and practical applications

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100964

Abdellatif M. Sadeq , Raad Z. Homod , Husam Abdulrasool Hasan , Bilal Naji Alhasnawi , Ahmed Kadhim Hussein , Ali Jahangiri , Hussein Togun , Masoud Dehghani-Soufi , Shahbaz Abbas

This review comprehensively examines key advancements in combustion technologies, multi-scale modeling approaches, and experimental diagnostics, highlighting their contributions to enhancing energy efficiency, reducing emissions, and advancing sustainable energy solutions. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) achieves thermal efficiencies up to 50 %, while Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) reduces NO_x emissions by up to 90 % and improves brake thermal efficiency by 43 %, demonstrating significant potential for low-emission power generation. Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC) achieves thermodynamic efficiency improvements with pressure ratios reaching 2.0, while Plasma-Assisted Combustion (PAC) shortens ignition delay by 35 %, enabling stable operation under lean conditions. Multi-scale modeling techniques, such as hybrid DNS-LES models, achieve a 5 % error margin in flame speed predictions, and Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) reduces computational costs by 50 % without compromising accuracy. Experimental diagnostics, including Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF), Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), and Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS), deliver high-resolution measurements, with PIV capturing flow fields at over 10 kHz and high-speed imaging recording transient combustion events at up to 100 kHz. Future research directions emphasize advancing low-temperature combustion strategies, integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven modeling techniques, and developing hybrid diagnostic methods for real-time combustion analysis. These advancements collectively support the transition to cleaner, more efficient combustion systems, contributing to sustainable energy solutions and guiding future innovations in combustion science and technology.

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引用次数: 0

Assessing wastewater heat resources in Zambian food and beverage processing: Case studies, regional assessment, and implications

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100968

Eleanor Mancusi-Ungaro , Madhu K. Murali , Paul Coughlan , Godfrey Hampwaye , Derrick Bwalya Tembo , Aonghus McNabola

Wastewater heat recovery (WWHR) aims to recycle low-grade thermal resources embedded in wastewater discharges and lower the energy requirements for hot-water production in various settings. WWHR has received growing attention in recent years, however, limited attention has been given to potential WWHR resources or the technologies required to exploit these in hot-water-intensive industrial settings, such as food and beverage processing. In addition, very limited attention has been given to WWHR in a Global South context. To address these gaps, and an additional gap on WWHR in subtropical locations, this paper seeks to quantify the thermal resources available in Zambia’s food and beverage industry. Two potential WWHR resources were selected for deeper analysis based on site assessments: boiler blowdowns and cleaning-in-place. This analysis shows a significant heat resource in both processes based on analysis of on-site data and nationwide extrapolation. Cleaning-in place processes also represent a new avenue for WWHR currently not explored in the literature. Extrapolating the WWHR findings to a country-wide scale showed that boiler blowdowns have an annual thermal potential of about 4 GWh and cleaning-in-place had an annual thermal potential of 4.4 GWh. In summary, this paper demonstrates that the Zambian food and beverage processing sector has a significant wastewater heat resource. Recovering this heat could reduce sector emissions by around 2.5 kT CO₂ equivalent emissions per year. These results also demonstrate the potential of industrial WWHR in subtropical climates and the potential for this source of renewable heat warrants exploration regionally beyond the national context of Zambia.

废水热回收（WWHR）旨在回收废水排放中蕴含的低品位热资源，降低各种环境下热水生产的能源需求。近年来，废水热回收受到越来越多的关注，但人们对潜在的废水热回收资源或在热水密集型工业环境（如食品和饮料加工）中利用这些资源所需的技术关注有限。此外，在全球南部背景下，对世界水资源和人力资源的关注也非常有限。为了填补这些空白，以及在亚热带地区的 WWHR 方面的额外空白，本文试图量化赞比亚食品和饮料行业可用的热资源。根据现场评估，选择了两种潜在的 WWHR 资源进行深入分析：锅炉吹扫和就地清洁。根据现场数据分析和全国范围内的推断，该分析表明这两种工艺中都存在大量热资源。就地清洁工艺也是目前文献中尚未探讨的 WWHR 新途径。将 WWHR 的研究结果推广到全国范围后发现，锅炉吹扫每年的热能潜力约为 4 GWh，就地清洁每年的热能潜力为 4.4 GWh。总之，本文表明赞比亚食品和饮料加工行业拥有大量废水热能资源。回收这些热量每年可减少约 2.5 千吨二氧化碳当量的排放。这些结果还证明了亚热带气候条件下工业废水和废水热能的潜力，这种可再生热源的潜力值得在赞比亚全国范围以外的地区进行探索。

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引用次数: 0

Emergy Perspective on the environmental and economic Viability of a Biomass-Driven Polygeneration system

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100961

Parviz Heydari Nasab , Ata Chitsaz , Hiva Rashidzadeh , Alireza Rostamzadeh Khosroshahi

Innovative methods have been increasingly adopted to evaluate industrial processes’ sustainability, environmental impact, and economic feasibility. Among these approaches, emergy analysis has emerged as a comprehensive tool. This study investigates a multiple system driven primarily by biomass gasification (using municipal solid waste) to generate power, heating, cooling, and freshwater. The gasification process incorporates a Brayton cycle, supplemented by natural gas to enhance the thermal value of the gas mixture. For cooling, a double-effect absorption chiller system utilizes the waste heat from the gas turbine, offering superior performance compared to single-effect systems. Additionally, a 24-stage Multi-Flash Distillation (MSF) unit produces freshwater, and the gasification unit’s dissipated heat is used for generated heating. The system’s performance was assessed using thermodynamic modeling in EES software, alongside an emergy analysis to determine economic and environmental parameters. Key metrics evaluated included the Emergy Yield Ratio (EYR), Emergy Investment Ratio (EIR), Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR), renewability, and Emergy Sustainability Index (ESI). Critical variables such as Gas Flow Rate (GMR), Equivalence Ratio (ER), Gasification Temperature (T_gh), Combustion Chamber Temperature (T_cc), and Combustion Chamber Pressure (P_cc) were examined. The subsystems were individually validated based on credible sources, and finally, the system was evaluated. Results indicated that the total emergy value of the system was 2.03E + 20, with maximum sustainability indices of 8.5, 6.81, 6.2, 6.13, and 6.6 across the system’s variables, respectively. The net power output reached 18.756 MW. However, as variable values increased, system sustainability decreased while net power output improved. This study demonstrates the potential of biomass-based systems for sustainable emergy solutions while highlighting the trade-offs between efficiency and environmental impact.

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引用次数: 0

An integrated solution to mitigate climate change through direct air capture and diabatic compressed air energy storage

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100959

Yide Han , Yurong Liu , Xin Peng , Bo-Yu Peng , Yuxing Ding , Wenli Du , Weimin Zhong , Feng Qian

Direct air capture (DAC) is a technology designed to capture CO₂ directly from ambient air for carbon removal, while compressed air energy storage (CAES) involves compressing and storing air for later use in energy generation. However, diabatic CAES (D-CAES) systems, despite their commercial deployment, face limitations due to reliance on combustion, contributing to environmental pollution. Liquid-based DAC (L-DAC) systems offer negative emissions but are energy-intensive, often depending on electricity from natural gas plants. This study introduces an integrated system where L-DAC captures CO₂ emitted by D-CAES during discharge, using electricity directly supplied by D-CAES, thus addressing energy and environmental concerns. Implemented in Aspen Plus® V11 and validated with literature data, the system’s performance was assessed under various parameters. Results show a D-CAES round-trip efficiency of 59.27% and a levelized cost of electricity of $0.53/kWh. The cost of captured CO₂ from the air is $259/tCO₂. This study provides a comprehensive analysis and offers guidance for the sustainable commercial deployment of D-CAES while fostering advancements in DAC and energy storage integration.

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引用次数: 0

The roles of permitting times and grid expansion capacity in industrial decarbonization – A case study of the electrification of Swedish industry

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100962

Sebastian Karlsson, Johanna Beiron, Fredrik Normann, Filip Johnsson

The industrial sector accounts for almost one-third of global CO₂ emissions, making it an important target for emissions mitigation measures, with electrification representing an important mitigation pathway with reliance on timely permitting procedures and ramping up of electricity grid expansion.

In this work, we investigate the impacts of permitting times and grid construction capacity on the evolution of industrial electrification, using the Swedish basic industry as a case study. We develop and apply an optimization model, with the objective of minimizing the time required to electrify the steel, cement, refinery and chemical industrial processes. The model is applied to different scenarios, within the ranges of 1–9 years of permitting time and 100–700 MW/year of grid expansion capacity, while varying the level of project coordination between the industrial sites and grid infrastructure deployments. In the modeling, we assume that the required CO₂-free power generation is installed alongside the grid expansion. In a scenario with 8-year permitting times and the ability to expand the grid to accommodate 4.5 % (150 MW) of the modeled industrial load per year, the transition to a fully electrified industry takes until Year 2058. For 2-year permitting times and the ability to expand the grid to connect 18 % (600 MW) of the modeled industrial load per year, the modeled sites could be electrified by Year 2037. In addition, the results show that for low levels of coordination, modeled such that industrial actors wait for infrastructure projects to be completed before they initiate their own pre-studies, there is an increase of almost 8 years in the average time taken for sites to be electrified compared to a modeled base scenario.

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引用次数: 0

Pyrolysis mechanism of isolated microalgal composition and their potential as liquid biofuels: Neutral lipids, phospholipids, glycolipids, and sterols

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100960

Yi Wang , Huiyu Qiu , Menghao Zuo , Lu Zuo , Xin Wang , Pengye Song , Shaojie Guo , Boxiong Shen

Microalgal lipids are the important feedstock of alternative liquid biofuels due to their similar structure to liquid hydrocarbons and high content in microalgae. However, complex composition of microalgal lipids hinders their practical application as biofuels and their reaction mechanism is also not fully studied, especially for phospholipids and glycolipids. In this study, the key fractions (neutral lipids, phospholipids, and glycolipids) in microalgal lipids were separated by a solid phase extraction method. There was a predominant content (39.5 %) for glycolipids in lipids of microalga Chlorella sp., while there was similar content between the neutral lipids, glycolipids, and phospholipids for microalga Nanochloropsis sp.. The pyrolysis characterization of each lipid fraction was analyzed via pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The main carbon number distribution in pyrolysis products were C₁₆, C₁₈, and C₂₀ for all lipid fractions. The main compound types were long-chain chemicals with the carbon number range of C₁₆–C₂₀, especially carboxylic acids. The pyrolysis mechanism was elucidated based on carbon number distribution and compound type distribution in pyrolysis products. The major decomposition reactions were mainly decarboxylation, decarbonylation, glycerol fragmentation, and steroid cracking to form hydrocarbons, acids, and esters. Due to the typical characteristics of sterols in microalgal lipids, the pyrolysis products presented more cyclic structures, especially aromatic hydrocarbons as a typical composition in liquid transportation fuels. This study provide necessary information for large-scale application of microalgal lipids in liquid biofuels via pyrolysis pathway, which is also benefit for the research of novel composite catalysts during catalytic pyrolysis to further upgrading of non-catalytic pyrolysis products.

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引用次数: 0

Holistic view to decarbonising cruise ships with a combination of energy saving technologies and hydrogen as fuel

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100953

Mia Elg , Bogdan Molchanov , Arun Krishnan , Annika Sandberg , Tomasz Hinz

Cruise ship decarbonisation was studied on a Mediterranean cruise profile. The analysis focused on ship energy flows, fuel consumption, carbon emissions, ship CII and EEDI. A combination of technologies for reducing ship fuel consumption was simulated before introducing hydrogen fueled machinery for the ship. The studied technologies included ultrasound antifouling, shore power, battery hybrid machinery, waste heat recovery and air lubrication. Their application on the selected operational profile led to combined fuel savings of 18,7%. When the same technologies were combined to a hydrogen machinery, the ship total energy consumption, compared to baseline was reduced by 25%. The cause of this was the synergies in the ship energy system, such as ship auxiliary powers, heat consumption and machinery efficiency. The proposed methodology of ship energy analysis is important step in starting to evaluate new fuels for ships and in preliminary technology screening prior to integrating them in the ship design.

引用次数: 0

Smart energy management for revenue optimization and grid independence in an Indian RDS 印度 RDS 实现收入优化和电网独立的智能能源管理

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100955

T. Yuvaraj , M. Thirumalai , M. Dharmalingam , Sudhakar Babu Thanikanti , Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban

This study presents a novel smart energy management framework for the Indian 28-bus radial distribution system (RDS), optimizing energy consumption across residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. The framework employs the hunter-prey optimization algorithm (HPOA) to enhance appliance scheduling, renewable energy integration (PV, WT, EV, BESS), and dynamic tariff management while addressing uncertainties in electric vehicle (EV) usage and renewable distributed generation (RDG) output. By incorporating photovoltaic (PV) systems, wind turbines (WT), electric vehicles (EVs), and battery energy storage systems (BESS), the system maximizes renewable energy utilization, reducing grid dependency and improving cost-effectiveness. HPOA ensures efficient scheduling, balancing user comfort, cost savings, and revenue generation through real-time pricing (RTP) and feed-in tariffs. The system effectively manages EV and RDG uncertainties, optimizing surplus energy redirection to the grid, thereby enhancing economic viability. A comparative analysis with alternative optimization algorithms demonstrates HPOA’s superiority in convergence speed, computational efficiency, and energy cost reduction. Additionally, the study evaluates the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), confirming the economic feasibility of the proposed model. The results indicate a significant reduction in electricity costs and grid dependence, yielding a total revenue of ₹ 20,982.00—comprising ₹ 2,042.64 from residential, ₹ 4,780.98 from commercial, and ₹ 7,158.38 from industrial sectors. These findings underscore the financial and sustainability advantages of implementing smart energy management strategies in evolving energy landscapes.

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引用次数: 0

Digital twin technology in electric and self-navigating vehicles: Readiness, convergence, and future directions 电动汽车和自动导航汽车中的数字孪生技术：准备、融合和未来方向

IF 7.1 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Conversion and Management-X

Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecmx.2025.100949

Uma Ravi Sankar Yalavarthy , N Bharath Kumar , Attuluri R Vijay Babu , Rajanand Patnaik Narasipuram , Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban

Digital Twin (DT) technology, which creates digital replicas of physical systems, significantly enhances the lifecycle of complex items, systems, and processes. It is especially important in the automotive industry for improving the design, construction, and operation of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Digital Twins make EVs safer, more comfortable, and more enjoyable to drive, thereby enhancing user experience. As mobility systems evolve to become more intelligent and eco-friendlier, electric and self-navigating vehicles are increasingly replacing internal combustion engine vehicles by leveraging technologies such as IoT, Big Data, AI, ML, and 5G. Significant contribution of transportation to global CO2 emissions underscores the need for sustainable practices. Smart EVs, capable of significantly reducing emissions, require innovative architectures like DTs for optimal performance. The advancement of data analytics and IoT has accelerated the adoption of DTs to increase the efficiency of system design, construction, and operation. EV batteries, being the most expensive components, necessitate thorough analysis for State of Charge (SoC) and State of Health (SoH). This review examines the application of DT technology in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), addressing challenges with particular attention on issues regarding monitoring, tracking, battery and charge administration, communication, assurance, and safety. It also explores current trends in EV energy storage technologies and the crucial role of Digital Twins in optimizing battery systems. This technology enables comprehensive digital lifecycle analysis, enhancing battery management efficiency through optimal models for SoC and SoH assessments. Additionally, this review provides insights into various models, future challenges, and discusses DTs for EV battery systems, highlighting case studies, characteristics, and technological opportunities.

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引用次数: 0