Molecular mechanisms of iron nanominerals formation in fungal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) layers during fungus-mineral interactions

IF 8.1 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Chemosphere Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143660
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Abstract

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which envelop on fungal hyphae surface, interact strongly with minerals and play a crucial role in the formation of nanoscale minerals during biomineralization in nature environments. However, it remains poorly understood about the molecular mechanisms of nanominerals (i.e., iron nanominerals) formation in fungal EPS halos during fungus-mineral interactions. This process is vital because fungi typically grow attached to various mineral surfaces in nature. According to the changes of thickness of the fungal cell and EPS layers during the Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU 4742 and hematite cultivation experiments, we found that fungal biomineralization could trigger the formation of EPS layers. Fe-dominated nanominerals, aromatic C (283-286.1 eV), alkyl C (287.6-288.3 eV), and carboxylic C (288.4-289.1 eV) were the dominant chemical groups on the EPS layers, as determined by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and carbon 1s near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Further, evidence from Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra indicated that oxygen vacancy (OV) was formed on the Fe-dominated nanomineral surface during fungus-mineral interactions, which played an important role in catalyzing H2O2 decomposition and HO∗ production. Taken together, the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity by reactive oxygen species (ROS) could modulate the Fe-dominated nanominerals formation in EPS layers to newly form a physical barrier between the cell and the external environments around hyphae, providing novel insights into the effects of ROS-mediated fungal-mineral interactions on fungal nutrient recycling, attenuation of contaminants, and biological control in nature environments.

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真菌与矿物相互作用过程中真菌胞外聚合物质(EPS)层中纳米铁矿物形成的分子机制。
包裹在真菌菌丝表面的胞外高分子物质(EPS)与矿物质有强烈的相互作用,在自然环境中的生物矿化过程中对纳米级矿物质的形成起着至关重要的作用。然而,人们对真菌与矿物相互作用过程中真菌 EPS 光晕形成纳米矿物(即纳米铁矿物)的分子机制仍然知之甚少。这一过程至关重要,因为在自然界中,真菌通常会附着在各种矿物表面生长。根据本研究中贵州毛霉 NJAU 4742 和赤铁矿培养实验中真菌细胞层和 EPS 层厚度的变化,我们发现真菌生物矿化可引发 EPS 层的形成。通过纳米尺度二次离子质谱(NanoSIMS)、高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和碳1s近缘X射线吸收精细结构(NEXAFS)光谱测定,EPS层上的主要化学基团是以铁为主的纳米矿物、芳香族C(283-286.1 eV)、烷基C(287.6-288.3 eV)和羧基C(288.4-289.1 eV)。此外,来自铁 K 边 X 射线吸收近边结构(XANES)和 X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)光谱的证据表明,在真菌与矿物相互作用的过程中,以铁为主的纳米矿物表面形成了氧空位(OV),在催化 H2O2 分解和 HO* 生成方面发挥了重要作用。综上所述,活性氧(ROS)固有的过氧化物酶样活性可调节 EPS 层中以铁为主的纳米矿物的形成,在菌丝周围新形成细胞与外部环境之间的物理屏障,为研究 ROS 介导的真菌与矿物相互作用对自然环境中真菌营养循环、污染物衰减和生物控制的影响提供了新的见解。
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来源期刊
Chemosphere
Chemosphere 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
15.80
自引率
8.00%
发文量
4975
审稿时长
3.4 months
期刊介绍: Chemosphere, being an international multidisciplinary journal, is dedicated to publishing original communications and review articles on chemicals in the environment. The scope covers a wide range of topics, including the identification, quantification, behavior, fate, toxicology, treatment, and remediation of chemicals in the bio-, hydro-, litho-, and atmosphere, ensuring the broad dissemination of research in this field.
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