Reversible Li plating regulation on graphite anode through a barium sulfate nanofibers-based dielectric separator for fast charging and high-safety lithium-ion battery

IF 13.1 1区 化学 Q1 Energy Journal of Energy Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.jechem.2024.08.053
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Abstract

Poor Li plating reversibility and high thermal runaway risks are key challenges for fast charging lithium-ion batteries with graphite anodes. Herein, a dielectric and fire-resistant separator based on hybrid nanofibers of barium sulfate (BS) and bacterial cellulose (BC) is developed to synchronously enhance the battery’s fast charging and thermal-safety performances. The regulation mechanism of the dielectric BS/BC separator in enhancing the Li+ ion transport and Li plating reversibility is revealed. (1) The Max-Wagner polarization electric field of the dielectric BS/BC separator can accelerate the desolvation of solvated Li+ ions, enhancing their transport kinetics. (2) Moreover, due to the charge balancing effect, the dielectric BS/BC separator homogenizes the electric field/Li+ ion flux at the graphite anode-separator interface, facilitating uniform Li plating and suppressing Li dendrite growth. Consequently, the fast-charge graphite anode with the BS/BC separator shows higher Coulombic efficiency (99.0% vs. 96.9%) and longer cycling lifespan (100 cycles vs. 59 cycles) than that with the polypropylene (PP) separator in the constant-lithiation cycling test at 2  mA cm−2. The high-loading LiFePO4 (15.5  mg cm−2)//graphite (7.5  mg cm−2) full cell with the BS/BC separator exhibits excellent fast charging performance, retaining 70% of its capacity after 500 cycles at a high rate of 2C, which is significantly better than that of the cell with the PP separator (retaining only 27% of its capacity after 500 cycles). More importantly, the thermally stable BS/BC separator effectively elevates the critical temperature and reduces the heat release rate during thermal runaway, thereby significantly enhancing the battery’s safety.
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通过基于硫酸钡纳米纤维的电介质隔膜对石墨负极进行可逆锂电镀调节,实现快速充电和高安全性锂离子电池
镀锂可逆性差和热失控风险高是石墨负极快速充电锂离子电池面临的主要挑战。本文开发了一种基于硫酸钡(BS)和细菌纤维素(BC)混合纳米纤维的电介质耐火隔膜,以同步提高电池的快速充电性能和热安全性能。揭示了 BS/BC 介电隔膜在增强锂离子传输和锂电镀可逆性方面的调节机制。(1)电介质 BS/BC 隔离层的 Max-Wagner 极化电场可加速溶解的 Li+ 离子的解溶解,增强其传输动力学。(2) 此外,由于电荷平衡效应,电介质 BS/BC 分离器可使石墨阳极-分离器界面上的电场/Li+ 离子通量均匀化,从而促进锂的均匀电镀并抑制锂枝晶的生长。因此,在 2 mA cm-2 的恒定锂化循环测试中,使用 BS/BC 隔离层的快充石墨阳极比使用聚丙烯(PP)隔离层的阳极具有更高的库仑效率(99.0% 对 96.9%)和更长的循环寿命(100 次对 59 次)。使用 BS/BC 隔膜的高负载磷酸铁锂(15.5 毫克/厘米-2)/石墨(7.5 毫克/厘米-2)全电池具有出色的快速充电性能,在 2C 的高倍率下循环 500 次后仍能保持 70% 的容量,明显优于使用 PP 隔膜的电池(循环 500 次后仅能保持 27% 的容量)。更重要的是,热稳定的 BS/BC 隔膜有效地提高了临界温度,降低了热失控时的热释放率,从而大大提高了电池的安全性。
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来源期刊
Journal of Energy Chemistry
Journal of Energy Chemistry CHEMISTRY, APPLIED-CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
CiteScore
19.10
自引率
8.40%
发文量
3631
审稿时长
15 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Energy Chemistry, the official publication of Science Press and the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, serves as a platform for reporting creative research and innovative applications in energy chemistry. It mainly reports on creative researches and innovative applications of chemical conversions of fossil energy, carbon dioxide, electrochemical energy and hydrogen energy, as well as the conversions of biomass and solar energy related with chemical issues to promote academic exchanges in the field of energy chemistry and to accelerate the exploration, research and development of energy science and technologies. This journal focuses on original research papers covering various topics within energy chemistry worldwide, including: Optimized utilization of fossil energy Hydrogen energy Conversion and storage of electrochemical energy Capture, storage, and chemical conversion of carbon dioxide Materials and nanotechnologies for energy conversion and storage Chemistry in biomass conversion Chemistry in the utilization of solar energy
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