Spatially Compounding Drought Events in Brazil

IF 4.6 1区 地球科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1029/2023wr036629
Gabriela C. Gesualdo, Marcos R. Benso, Eduardo M. Mendiondo, Manuela I. Brunner
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Abstract

Spatially compounding drought events affect multiple locations simultaneously, severely affecting food, water, energy, human health, and infrastructure sectors. Despite the cascading impacts and challenges compound droughts impose on society, we still lack an in-depth understanding of spatially connected drought occurrences. Given the complexity and costs of droughts in Brazil, identifying regions prone to co-experiencing droughts is critical for developing effective adaptation measures. Here, we develop a novel framework to assess the spatial co-occurrence of hydrological drought events, which can be adapted for global applications to evaluate spatially compounding drought. This framework involves extracting drought data from individual catchments and calculating the co-occurrence of droughts across all catchments. We apply this method to investigate the spatial connectedness of droughts in 511 Brazilian catchments over 39 years (1983–2022). Additionally, we classify catchments based on drought duration, intensity, deficit, number of events, and spatial connectedness to identify regions with similar drought behavior. Our findings reveal significant variability in drought characteristics and connectedness across Brazil, with the Central-Northeast and Northwest Amazon regions being most affected by multiple and widespread droughts. We identify five distinct regions in Brazil that exhibit common drought behaviors, sharing attributes such as aridity, catchment area, and precipitation seasonality. These regions hold the potential to guide future adaptation plans for managing hydrological compound extremes at both the catchment and regional scales, including the development of risk pool networks. Our results underscore the importance of considering the interactions of spatially compounding hydrological droughts in risk assessments and adaptation strategies.
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巴西空间复合干旱事件
空间复合干旱事件同时影响多个地点,严重影响粮食、水、能源、人类健康和基础设施部门。尽管复合干旱给社会带来了一连串的影响和挑战,但我们仍然缺乏对空间上相互关联的干旱事件的深入了解。考虑到巴西干旱的复杂性和代价,确定容易共同遭遇干旱的地区对于制定有效的适应措施至关重要。在此,我们开发了一个新的框架来评估水文干旱事件的空间共现性,该框架可在全球范围内应用,以评估空间复合干旱。该框架包括从单个流域提取干旱数据,并计算所有流域的干旱共现率。我们采用这种方法调查了巴西 511 个流域 39 年(1983-2022 年)内干旱的空间关联性。此外,我们还根据干旱持续时间、强度、赤字、事件数量和空间连通性对集水区进行分类,以识别具有相似干旱行为的区域。我们的研究结果表明,巴西各地的干旱特征和连通性存在显著差异,其中中东北部和亚马逊西北部地区受多重和大范围干旱的影响最为严重。我们发现巴西有五个不同的地区表现出共同的干旱行为,它们具有共同的属性,如干旱程度、集水面积和降水季节性。这些地区有可能指导未来的适应计划,在集水区和区域范围内管理水文复合极端事件,包括开发风险池网络。我们的研究结果强调了在风险评估和适应战略中考虑空间复合水文干旱相互作用的重要性。
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来源期刊
Water Resources Research
Water Resources Research 环境科学-湖沼学
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
13.00%
发文量
599
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: Water Resources Research (WRR) is an interdisciplinary journal that focuses on hydrology and water resources. It publishes original research in the natural and social sciences of water. It emphasizes the role of water in the Earth system, including physical, chemical, biological, and ecological processes in water resources research and management, including social, policy, and public health implications. It encompasses observational, experimental, theoretical, analytical, numerical, and data-driven approaches that advance the science of water and its management. Submissions are evaluated for their novelty, accuracy, significance, and broader implications of the findings.
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